*saulijaną

Runic: ᛊᚨᚢᛚᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈsɑu̯.li.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 1

Meanings

to make dirty, soil

Etymology

From *saulijǭ (‘filth, manure’) or directly from its antecedent Proto-Indo-European *sowl-, a metathetic alteration of *solw- (‘dusky, dirty, grey’).

Conjugation

Present active

PersonIndicativeSubjunctiveImperative
1st singularsaulijōsaulijaų–
2nd singularsaulīsisaulijaissaulī
3rd singularsaulīþisaulijaisaulijaþau
1st dualsaulijōssaulijaiw–
2nd dualsaulijaþizsaulijaiþizsaulijaþiz
1st pluralsaulijamazsaulijaim–
2nd pluralsaulīþsaulijaiþsaulīþ
3rd pluralsaulijanþisaulijainsaulijanþau

Present passive

PersonIndicativeSubjunctive
1st singularsaulijai–
2nd singularsaulijasaisaulijaisau
3rd singularsaulijaþaisaulijaiþau
1st dual––
2nd dual––
1st pluralsaulijanþaisaulijainþau
2nd pluralsaulijanþaisaulijainþau
3rd pluralsaulijanþaisaulijainþau

Past

PersonIndicativeSubjunctive
1st singularsaulidǭsaulidēdį̄
2nd singularsaulidēzsaulidēdīz
3rd singularsaulidēsaulidēdī
1st dualsaulidēdūsaulidēdīw
2nd dualsaulidēdudizsaulidēdīdiz
1st pluralsaulidēdumsaulidēdīm
2nd pluralsaulidēdudsaulidēdīd
3rd pluralsaulidēdunsaulidēdīn

Non-finite Forms

InfinitivePresent ParticiplePast Participle
saulijaną saulijandz saulidaz

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Descendants

  • *saulijan (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *sōlen (Old Dutch)
      • solen, soelen (Middle Dutch)
  • *saulijan (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *sōlian (Old Saxon)
      • sö̂len (Middle Low German)
        • sölen (German Low German)
  • *seyla (Old Norse)
    • søle (Danish)
    • søle (Norwegian Bokmål)
    • søyla (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  • *seyla (Old Norse)
    • söla (Old Swedish)
      • söla (Swedish)
  • *𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*sauljan) (Gothic)
    • soillier, souillier (Old French)
      • souiller (Middle French)
        • souiller (French)

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