*skammaz

Runic: ᛊᚲᚨᛗᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈskɑm.mɑz/

adjective · a-stem

Meanings

short; blunt; stunted

Etymology

Of unknown origin. Has been compared with Proto-Indo-Iranian *kambʰ- (‘few, small’) (whence Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬨𐬥𐬀 (kamna) (kamna, ‘little’), Persian کم (kam, ‘few, little’)), itself possibly related to Proto-Indo-European *ken- (‘to arise, begin’). Other theories include a derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱem- (‘mutilated, hornless’), whence *hamalaz (‘mutilated, truncated’).

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	skammaz	skammō	skammą, -atō	skammai	skammôz	skammō
Acc.	skammanǭ	skammǭ	skammą, -atō	skammanz	skammōz	skammō
Gen.	skammas, -is	skammaizōz	skammas, -is	skammaizǫ̂	skammaizǫ̂	skammaizǫ̂
Dat.	skammammai	skammaizōi	skammammai	skammaimaz	skammaimaz	skammaimaz
Inst.	skammanō	skammaizō	skammanō	skammaimiz	skammaimiz	skammaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	skammô	skammǭ	skammô	skammaniz	skammōniz	skammōnō
Acc.	skammanų	skammōnų	skammô	skammanunz	skammōnunz	skammōnō
Gen.	skamminiz	skammōniz	skamminiz	skammanǫ̂	skammōnǫ̂	skammanǫ̂
Dat.	skammini	skammōni	skammini	skammammaz	skammōmaz	skammammaz
Inst.	skamminē	skammōnē	skamminē	skammammiz	skammōmiz	skammammiz

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Descendants

*sċamm (Old English)
- sċōmhylt, sċoomhylti (Old English)
skam (Old High German)
scam (Old High German)
skammr (Old Norse)
- skammur (Faroese)
- skammur (Icelandic)
- skam (Old Danish)
skammr (Old Norse)
- skam (Norwegian)
  - skábma (Northern Sami)
skammr (Old Norse)
- skamt (Old Norse)
  - scant (Middle English)
    - scant (English)
    - skant, scant (Scots)
skammr (Old Norse)
- skamber (Old Swedish)
  - skam (Swedish)

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