*skaþōną
Runic: ᛊᚲᚨᚦᛟᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈskɑ.θɔː.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 2
Meanings
to injure, harm, damage
Etymology
From *skaþô (‘injury, harm, damage’) + *-ōną.
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | skaþō | skaþǭ | – |
| 2nd singular | skaþōsi | skaþōs | skaþō |
| 3rd singular | skaþōþi | skaþō | skaþōþau |
| 1st dual | skaþōs | skaþōw | – |
| 2nd dual | skaþōþiz | skaþōþiz | skaþōþiz |
| 1st plural | skaþōmaz | skaþōm | – |
| 2nd plural | skaþōþ | skaþōþ | skaþōþ |
| 3rd plural | skaþōnþi | skaþōn | skaþōnþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | skaþōi | – |
| 2nd singular | skaþōsai | skaþōsau |
| 3rd singular | skaþōþai | skaþōþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | skaþōnþai | skaþōnþau |
| 2nd plural | skaþōnþai | skaþōnþau |
| 3rd plural | skaþōnþai | skaþōnþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | skaþōdǭ | skaþōdēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | skaþōdēz | skaþōdēdīz |
| 3rd singular | skaþōdē | skaþōdēdī |
| 1st dual | skaþōdēdū | skaþōdēdīw |
| 2nd dual | skaþōdēdudiz | skaþōdēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | skaþōdēdum | skaþōdēdīm |
| 2nd plural | skaþōdēdud | skaþōdēdīd |
| 3rd plural | skaþōdēdun | skaþōdēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| skaþōną | skaþōndz | skaþōdaz |
Descendants
-
*skaþōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
scathōn (Old Dutch)
-
schāden (Middle Dutch)
-
schaden (Dutch)
- skaad (Afrikaans)
-
schaden (Dutch)
-
schāden (Middle Dutch)
-
scathōn (Old Dutch)
-
*skaþōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
sċeaþian (Old English)
-
schathen, skathen (Middle English)
- scathe (English)
- scathe, skaith (Scots)
-
schathen, skathen (Middle English)
-
sċeaþian (Old English)
-
*skaþōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
skathia (Old Frisian)
- schoadje (Saterland Frisian)
- skeadzje (West Frisian)
-
skathia (Old Frisian)
-
*skaþōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
skadōn, scadōn (Old High German)
-
schaden (Middle High German)
- schade (Alemannic German)
- schaden (German)
- schueden (Luxembourgish)
-
schaden (Middle High German)
-
skadōn, scadōn (Old High German)
-
*skaþōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
skathōn (Old Saxon)
-
schāden (Middle Low German)
- schaden (Low German)
-
schāden (Middle Low German)
-
skathōn (Old Saxon)
-
skaða (Old Norse)
- skaða (Faroese)
- skaða (Icelandic)
- skade, skada (Norwegian)
-
skaða (Old Norse)
-
scathen (Middle English)
- scathe (English)
- scaith, skaith, schaith, scathe (Scots)
-
scathen (Middle English)
-
skaða (Old Norse)
-
skathæ (Old Danish)
- skade (Danish)
-
skathæ (Old Danish)
-
skaða (Old Norse)
-
skaþa (Old Swedish)
- skada (Swedish)
-
skaþa (Old Swedish)