*slaiwaz

Runic: ᛊᛚᚨᛁᚹᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈslɑi̯.wɑz/

adjective · a-stem

Meanings

blunt; dull
exhausted; weary; faint; weak; sluggish
listless; torpid
dim-witted; slow
slack; lazy

Etymology

Uncertain. Expected to reflect either pre-Germanic *sloy(H)-wo-s or *slo/aH-i-wo-s. Kroonen prefers the former, tentatively comparing Sanskrit स्रीव्यति (srī́vyati) (srī́vyati, ‘to turn out badly, fail’) for Proto-Indo-European *sliH-u-. For the latter, compare Ancient Greek λαιός (laiós, ‘left (side); awkward’), Latin laevus, Proto-Slavic *lěvъ (‘left’) (originally meaning *“askew”?), but the semantic connection is weak. Kroonen rejects this along with any relation to Ancient Greek λίαρος (líaros) (líaros, ‘mild’).

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	slaiwaz	slaiwō	slaiwą, -atō	slaiwai	slaiwôz	slaiwō
Acc.	slaiwanǭ	slaiwǭ	slaiwą, -atō	slaiwanz	slaiwōz	slaiwō
Gen.	slaiwas, -is	slaiwaizōz	slaiwas, -is	slaiwaizǫ̂	slaiwaizǫ̂	slaiwaizǫ̂
Dat.	slaiwammai	slaiwaizōi	slaiwammai	slaiwaimaz	slaiwaimaz	slaiwaimaz
Inst.	slaiwanō	slaiwaizō	slaiwanō	slaiwaimiz	slaiwaimiz	slaiwaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	slaiwô	slaiwǭ	slaiwô	slaiwaniz	slaiwōniz	slaiwōnō
Acc.	slaiwanų	slaiwōnų	slaiwô	slaiwanunz	slaiwōnunz	slaiwōnō
Gen.	slaiwiniz	slaiwōniz	slaiwiniz	slaiwanǫ̂	slaiwōnǫ̂	slaiwanǫ̂
Dat.	slaiwini	slaiwōni	slaiwini	slaiwammaz	slaiwōmaz	slaiwammaz
Inst.	slaiwinē	slaiwōnē	slaiwinē	slaiwammiz	slaiwōmiz	slaiwammiz

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Descendants

*slaiw (Proto-West Germanic)
- *slēw (Old Dutch)
  - sleew, sleeu, slee (Middle Dutch)
    - sleeuw, slee (Dutch)
*slaiw (Proto-West Germanic)
- slāw, slǣw, slēaw (Old English)
  - slaw, slow (Middle English)
    - slow (English)
    - slaw (Geordie)
    - slaw (Scots)
*slaiw (Proto-West Germanic)
- *slāw, *slāu (Old Frisian)
  - släi (Saterland Frisian)
  - sleau (West Frisian)
*slaiw (Proto-West Germanic)
- slēo (Old High German)
  - slē (Middle High German)
    - schlehe, schleh, schlēch, schlö (German)
    - schlēw (Swabian)
*slaiw (Proto-West Germanic)
- *slēw, slēu (Old Saxon)
  - sleu, slē (Middle Low German)
    - slee (Dutch Low Saxon)
*slaiw (Proto-West Germanic)
- *slēw, slēu (Old Saxon)
  - sleu, slē (Middle Low German)
    - ? (Westphalian)
      - schlee (Westmünsterländisch)
sljór (Old Norse)
- sljór, sljár, slær (Icelandic)
- sljo, slø (Norwegian Nynorsk)
sljór (Old Norse)
- sliø̄ (Old Danish)
  - sløv (Danish)
    - sløv (Norwegian Bokmål)
sljór (Old Norse)
- sliōr (Old Swedish)
  - slö (Swedish)
sljár (Old Norse)
- sljór, sljár, slær (Icelandic)
- sljo, slø (Norwegian Nynorsk)
sljár (Old Norse)
- sliø̄ (Old Danish)
  - sløv (Danish)
    - sløv (Norwegian Bokmål)
sljár (Old Norse)
- sliōr (Old Swedish)
  - slö (Swedish)
slær (Old Norse)
- sljór, sljár, slær (Icelandic)
- sljo, slø (Norwegian Nynorsk)
slær (Old Norse)
- sliø̄ (Old Danish)
  - sløv (Danish)
    - sløv (Norwegian Bokmål)
slær (Old Norse)
- sliōr (Old Swedish)
  - slö (Swedish)

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