*spurnijaną
Runic: ᛊᛈᚢᚱᚾᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈspur.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
to spur; push; kick
Etymology
Closely related to the strong verb *spurnaną.
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | spurnijō | spurnijaų | – |
| 2nd singular | spurnīsi | spurnijais | spurnī |
| 3rd singular | spurnīþi | spurnijai | spurnijaþau |
| 1st dual | spurnijōs | spurnijaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | spurnijaþiz | spurnijaiþiz | spurnijaþiz |
| 1st plural | spurnijamaz | spurnijaim | – |
| 2nd plural | spurnīþ | spurnijaiþ | spurnīþ |
| 3rd plural | spurnijanþi | spurnijain | spurnijanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | spurnijai | – |
| 2nd singular | spurnijasai | spurnijaisau |
| 3rd singular | spurnijaþai | spurnijaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | spurnijanþai | spurnijainþau |
| 2nd plural | spurnijanþai | spurnijainþau |
| 3rd plural | spurnijanþai | spurnijainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | spurnidǭ | spurnidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | spurnidēz | spurnidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | spurnidē | spurnidēdī |
| 1st dual | spurnidēdū | spurnidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | spurnidēdudiz | spurnidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | spurnidēdum | spurnidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | spurnidēdud | spurnidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | spurnidēdun | spurnidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| spurnijaną | spurnijandz | spurnidaz |
Descendants
-
*spurnijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*spurnen (Old Dutch)
- witherspurnen (Old Dutch)
-
*spurnen (Old Dutch)
-
*spurnijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
spyrnan (Old English)
- spirnen, spernen (Middle English)
-
spyrnan (Old English)
-
*spurnijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
spurnen (Old High German)
- spürnen (Middle High German)
-
spurnen (Old High German)
-
spyrna (Old Norse)
- spyrna (Icelandic)