*stapulaz

Runic: ᛊᛏᚨᛈᚢᛚᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈstɑ.pu.lɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

pillar, post
basis, foundation

Etymology

Related to *stapiz (‘a step’). Note semantic similarities to Proto-Indo-European *stebʰ- (‘stem, post’), whence *stabaz (‘staff, stick’), though the consonant finals are difficult to reconcile.

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	stapulaz	stapulōz, stapulōs
Acc.	stapulą	stapulanz
Gen.	stapulas, stapulis	stapulǫ̂
Dat.	stapulai	stapulamaz
Inst.	stapulō	stapulamiz
Voc.	stapul	stapulōz, stapulōs

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Descendants

*stapul (Proto-West Germanic)
- stapula (Late Latin)
  - estaple (Old French)
    - stapula (Italian)
*stapul (Proto-West Germanic)
- stapula (Late Latin)
  - estaple (Old French)
    - staple (Anglo-Norman)
      - staple, stapel, stapil, stapul (Middle English)
        
        staple (English)
        
        stapill, staple, steple (Scots)
*stapul (Proto-West Germanic)
- stapula (Late Latin)
  - estaple (Old French)
    - estappe (Middle French)
      - étape (French)
*stapul (Proto-West Germanic)
- stapul, stapal (Old Dutch)
  - stāpel (Middle Dutch)
    - stapel (Dutch)
      - stapel (Afrikaans)
*stapul (Proto-West Germanic)
- stapol, stapel (Old English)
  - stapel, stapil, stapille, staple, stapul, stable (Middle English)
    - staple (English)
    - steeple (Scots)
*stapul (Proto-West Germanic)
- stapul (Old Frisian)
  - Stoapel (Saterland Frisian)
  - steapel (West Frisian)
*stapul (Proto-West Germanic)
- staffal, stapfal (Old High German)
  - staffel, stapfel (Middle High German)
    - Staffel (German)
*stapul (Proto-West Germanic)
- stapol (Old Saxon)
  - stapel (Middle Low German)
    - Stapel (German)
    - Stapel (German Low German)
    - שטאַפּל (shtapl) (Yiddish)
stǫpull (Old Norse)
- støpul (Faroese)
- stöpull (Icelandic)
- stopul (Norwegian Nynorsk)
- stabel (Scanian)
stǫpull (Old Norse)
- stapæl (Old Danish)
  - stabel, stapel, stavl (Danish)
    - stafli (Icelandic)
    - stabel (Norwegian Bokmål)
    - stabel (Norwegian Nynorsk)
stǫpull (Old Norse)
- stapul (Old Swedish)
  - stapel (Swedish)
    - taapeli (Finnish)
*sapilas (Proto-Finnic)

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