*starkuz

Runic: ᛊᛏᚨᚱᚲᚢᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈstɑr.kuz/

adjective · u-stem

Meanings

stiff; rigid
strong

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *storg-o/u-s, an o-grade adjective reconstructed either as an o-stem or u-stem, derived from a root *sterg- (‘to harden, be rigid, stiff’), cognate with Lithuanian strė́gti (‘to harden, congeal, freeze’).

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	starkuz	starkī	starkų, -jatō	starkijai	starkijôz	starkijō
Acc.	starkijanǭ	starkijǭ	starkų, -jatō	starkijanz	starkijōz	starkijō
Gen.	starkijas, starkīs	starkijaizōz	starkijas, starkīs	starkijaizǫ̂	starkijaizǫ̂	starkijaizǫ̂
Dat.	starkijammai	starkijaizōi	starkijammai	starkijaimaz	starkijaimaz	starkijaimaz
Inst.	starkijanō	starkijaizō	starkijanō	starkijaimiz	starkijaimiz	starkijaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	starkijô	starkijǭ	starkijô	starkijaniz	starkijōniz	starkijōnō
Acc.	starkijanų	starkijōnų	starkijô	starkijanunz	starkijōnunz	starkijōnō
Gen.	starkīniz	starkijōniz	starkīniz	starkijanǫ̂	starkijōnǫ̂	starkijanǫ̂
Dat.	starkīni	starkijōni	starkīni	starkijammaz	starkijōmaz	starkijammaz
Inst.	starkīnē	starkijōnē	starkīnē	starkijammiz	starkijōmiz	starkijammiz

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Descendants

*stark (Proto-West Germanic)
- starc (Old Dutch)
  - starc, sterc (Middle Dutch)
    - stèrk (Limburgish)
*stark (Proto-West Germanic)
- starc (Old Dutch)
  - starc, sterc (Middle Dutch)
    - sterk (Dutch)
      - ster (Indonesian)
      - stèrki (Papiamentu)
*stark (Proto-West Germanic)
- starc (Old Dutch)
  - starc, sterc (Middle Dutch)
    - sterk (Dutch)
      - stark, sterk (Negerhollands)
        
        sterek (Virgin Islands Creole)
*stark (Proto-West Germanic)
- starc, stearc, *stierc (Old English)
  - stark, sterk (Middle English)
    - stark (English)
    - stark, sterk (Scots)
*stark (Proto-West Germanic)
- sterk, stark, steric (Old Frisian)
  - stäärk (Saterland Frisian)
  - sterk, sturk (West Frisian)
*stark (Proto-West Germanic)
- starah, starch, starc, stark (Old High German)
  - starc (Middle High German)
    - stark (German)
    - staark (Luxembourgish)
    - שטאַרק (shtark) (Yiddish)
*stark (Proto-West Germanic)
- stark, *sterk (Old Saxon)
  - stark, sterk (Middle Low German)
    - sterk (Low German)
    - stoakj (Plautdietsch)
starkr (Old Norse)
- stærk (Danish)
- stark (Elfdalian)
- sterkur (Faroese)
- starkar, starkur (Gutnish)
- sterkur (Icelandic)
- stark (Norn)
starkr (Old Norse)
- ? (Norwegian)
  - sterk (Norwegian Bokmål)
  - sterk (Norwegian Nynorsk)
starkr (Old Norse)
- starker (Old Swedish)
  - stark (Swedish)
sterkr (Old Norse)
- stærk (Danish)
- stark (Elfdalian)
- sterkur (Faroese)
- starkar, starkur (Gutnish)
- sterkur (Icelandic)
- stark (Norn)
sterkr (Old Norse)
- ? (Norwegian)
  - sterk (Norwegian Bokmål)
  - sterk (Norwegian Nynorsk)
sterkr (Old Norse)
- starker (Old Swedish)
  - stark (Swedish)

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