*stelaną

Runic: ᛊᛏᛖᛚᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈste.lɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 4

Meanings

to steal
to sneak

Etymology

According to Kroonen & (Lubotsky 2009), from Proto-Indo-European *tsel- (‘to sneak’) (compare e.g. Sanskrit त्सर् (tsar) (tsar), Shughni сӗрт (‘to steal, sneak’), Old Armenian սողիմ (sołim, ‘to creep, to steal’)). The supposed metathesis *ts > *st has no exact parallels, but a similar development appears in *spenô (‘nipple’), from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn (‘breast’). Numerous other etymologies with semantic or phonetic difficulties have been earlier proposed as well.

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	stelō	stelaų	–
2nd singular	stilizi	stelaiz	stel
3rd singular	stilidi	stelai	steladau
1st dual	stelōz	stelaiw	–
2nd dual	steladiz	stelaidiz	steladiz
1st plural	stelamaz	stelaim	–
2nd plural	stilid	stelaid	stilid
3rd plural	stelandi	stelain	stelandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	stelai	–
2nd singular	stelazai	stelaizau
3rd singular	steladai	stelaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	stelandai	stelaindau
2nd plural	stelandai	stelaindau
3rd plural	stelandai	stelaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	stal	stēlį̄
2nd singular	stalt	stēlīz
3rd singular	stal	stēlī
1st dual	stēlū	stēlīw
2nd dual	stēludiz	stēlīdiz
1st plural	stēlum	stēlīm
2nd plural	stēlud	stēlīd
3rd plural	stēlun	stēlīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
stelaną	stelandz	stulanaz

Find a form

Descendants

*stelan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *stelan (Old Dutch)
  - stēlen (Middle Dutch)
    - staele (Limburgish)
*stelan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *stelan (Old Dutch)
  - stēlen (Middle Dutch)
    - stelen (Dutch)
      - steel (Afrikaans)
*stelan (Proto-West Germanic)
- stelan (Old English)
  - stelen (Middle English)
    - steal (English)
*stelan (Proto-West Germanic)
- stela (Old Frisian)
  - stelle (West Frisian)
*stelan (Proto-West Germanic)
- stelan (Old High German)
  - stelen, steln (Middle High German)
    - stäihn, stöhln, stöhn (Bavarian)
    - stielen (Luxembourgish)
*stelan (Proto-West Germanic)
- stelan (Old High German)
  - stelen, steln (Middle High German)
    - stehlen (German)
      - ŝteli (Esperanto)
*stelan (Proto-West Germanic)
- stelan (Old Saxon)
  - stēlen (Middle Low German)
    - stehlen (Low German)
stela (Old Norse)
- stjälå (Elfdalian)
- stjala (Faroese)
- stjäle (Gutnish)
- stela (Icelandic)
- stjæła (Jamtish)
- stela, stele (Norwegian Nynorsk)
stela (Old Norse)
- stælæ, stialæ, stiælæ (Old Danish)
  - stjæla (Scanian)
stela (Old Norse)
- stælæ, stialæ, stiælæ (Old Danish)
  - stjæle (Danish)
    - stjele (Norwegian Bokmål)
stela (Old Norse)
- stiæla, stæla, stiala (Old Swedish)
  - stjäla (Swedish)
stjala (Old Norse)
- stjälå (Elfdalian)
- stjala (Faroese)
- stjäle (Gutnish)
- stela (Icelandic)
- stjæła (Jamtish)
- stela, stele (Norwegian Nynorsk)
stjala (Old Norse)
- stælæ, stialæ, stiælæ (Old Danish)
  - stjæla (Scanian)
stjala (Old Norse)
- stælæ, stialæ, stiælæ (Old Danish)
  - stjæle (Danish)
    - stjele (Norwegian Bokmål)
stjala (Old Norse)
- stiæla, stæla, stiala (Old Swedish)
  - stjäla (Swedish)
𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌻𐌰𐌽 (stilan) (Gothic)

Explore/search these descendants

View on Wiktionary