*surgāną

Runic: ᛊᚢᚱᚷᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈsur.ɣɑː.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 3

Meanings

to worry, be concerned

Etymology

From *surgō (‘worry, sorrow, care’) + *-āną.

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	surgō	–	–
2nd singular	surgaisi	–	surgai
3rd singular	surgaiþi	–	surgāþau
1st dual	surgōs	–	–
2nd dual	surgāþiz	–	surgāþiz
1st plural	surgāmaz	–	–
2nd plural	surgaiþ	–	surgaiþ
3rd plural	surgānþi	–	surgānþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	–	–
2nd singular	surgāsai	–
3rd singular	surgāþai	–
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	surgānþai	–
2nd plural	surgānþai	–
3rd plural	surgānþai	–

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	surgadǭ	surgadēdį̄
2nd singular	surgadēz	surgadēdīz
3rd singular	surgadē	surgadēdī
1st dual	surgadēdū	surgadēdīw
2nd dual	surgadēdudiz	surgadēdīdiz
1st plural	surgadēdum	surgadēdīm
2nd plural	surgadēdud	surgadēdīd
3rd plural	surgadēdun	surgadēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
surgāną	surgāndz	surgadaz

Find a form

Descendants

*sorgēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgon (Old Dutch)
  - sorgen (Middle Dutch)
    - zórge, zörge (Limburgish)
*sorgēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgon (Old Dutch)
  - sorgen (Middle Dutch)
    - zorgen (Dutch)
      - sorg (Afrikaans)
      - solugu (Aukan)
      - sorg (Negerhollands)
      - sòru (Papiamentu)
      - solúgu (Saramaccan)
*sorgēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgon (Old Dutch)
  - sorgen (Middle Dutch)
    - zorgen (Dutch)
      - sorgu (Sranan Tongo)
        
        sorgu, nyoru, nyorgoni, Kari'na: sorukuma (Caribbean Javanese)
*sorgēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgian, sorhgian, *sœrgian, *sergian (Old English)
  - sorwen (Middle English)
    - sorrow (English)
    - sorrow (Middle Scots)
*sorgēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgia (Old Frisian)
  - súurgje, sourgje (Saterland Frisian)
  - soargje (West Frisian)
*sorgēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgēn, sworgōn, sorgōn (Old High German)
  - sorgen (Middle High German)
    - suergen (Luxembourgish)
    - זאָרגן (zorgn) (Yiddish)
*sorgēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgēn, sworgōn, sorgōn (Old High German)
  - sorgen (Middle High German)
    - sorgen (German)
      - zorgi (Esperanto)
*sorgēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgōn (Old Saxon)
  - sorgen, sörgen (Middle Low German)
    - sörgen (German Low German)
*sorgōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgon (Old Dutch)
  - sorgen (Middle Dutch)
    - zórge, zörge (Limburgish)
*sorgōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgon (Old Dutch)
  - sorgen (Middle Dutch)
    - zorgen (Dutch)
      - sorg (Afrikaans)
      - solugu (Aukan)
      - sorg (Negerhollands)
      - sòru (Papiamentu)
      - solúgu (Saramaccan)
*sorgōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgon (Old Dutch)
  - sorgen (Middle Dutch)
    - zorgen (Dutch)
      - sorgu (Sranan Tongo)
        
        sorgu, nyoru, nyorgoni, Kari'na: sorukuma (Caribbean Javanese)
*sorgōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgian, sorhgian, *sœrgian, *sergian (Old English)
  - sorwen (Middle English)
    - sorrow (English)
    - sorrow (Middle Scots)
*sorgōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgia (Old Frisian)
  - súurgje, sourgje (Saterland Frisian)
  - soargje (West Frisian)
*sorgōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgēn, sworgōn, sorgōn (Old High German)
  - sorgen (Middle High German)
    - suergen (Luxembourgish)
    - זאָרגן (zorgn) (Yiddish)
*sorgōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgēn, sworgōn, sorgōn (Old High German)
  - sorgen (Middle High German)
    - sorgen (German)
      - zorgi (Esperanto)
*sorgōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- sorgōn (Old Saxon)
  - sorgen, sörgen (Middle Low German)
    - sörgen (German Low German)
syrgja (Old Norse)
- sørge (Danish)
- syrgja (Faroese)
- syrgja (Icelandic)
- sørge (Norwegian Bokmål)
- syrgja, sørge (Norwegian Nynorsk)
- sörja (Swedish)
𐍃𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌽 (saurgān) (Gothic)

Explore/search these descendants

View on Wiktionary