*upanaz

Runic: ᚢᛈᚨᚾᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈu.pɑ.nɑz/

adjective · a-stem

Meanings

open

Etymology

Seemingly the past participle of a verb *eupaną, *ūpaną, (though no other evidence of such a verb exists), with said verb being derived from *upp (‘up’) and thus originally meaning ‘lying on top’ > ‘clear, open’.

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	upanaz	upanō	upaną, -atō	upanai	upanôz	upanō
Acc.	upananǭ	upanǭ	upaną, -atō	upananz	upanōz	upanō
Gen.	upanas, -is	upanaizōz	upanas, -is	upanaizǫ̂	upanaizǫ̂	upanaizǫ̂
Dat.	upanammai	upanaizōi	upanammai	upanaimaz	upanaimaz	upanaimaz
Inst.	upananō	upanaizō	upananō	upanaimiz	upanaimiz	upanaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	upanô	upanǭ	upanô	upananiz	upanōniz	upanōnō
Acc.	upananų	upanōnų	upanô	upananunz	upanōnunz	upanōnō
Gen.	upaniniz	upanōniz	upaniniz	upananǫ̂	upanōnǫ̂	upananǫ̂
Dat.	upanini	upanōni	upanini	upanammaz	upanōmaz	upanammaz
Inst.	upaninē	upanōnē	upaninē	upanammiz	upanōmiz	upanammiz

Find a form

Descendants

*opan (Proto-West Germanic)
- opan (Old Dutch)
  - ōpen, apen (Middle Dutch)
    - aop (Limburgish)
*opan (Proto-West Germanic)
- opan (Old Dutch)
  - ōpen, apen (Middle Dutch)
    - open (Dutch)
      - oop (Afrikaans)
      - obo (Aukan)
*opan (Proto-West Germanic)
- opan (Old Dutch)
  - ōpen, apen (Middle Dutch)
    - open (Dutch)
      - open, hopo (Negerhollands)
        
        hopo (Virgin Islands Creole)
*opan (Proto-West Germanic)
- open (Old English)
  - open, opyn, ope (Middle English)
    - open (English)
    - appen, apen (Scots)
*opan (Proto-West Germanic)
- open, epen (Old Frisian)
  - eepen (Saterland Frisian)
  - iepen (West Frisian)
*opan (Proto-West Germanic)
- offan, ophan, ofan (Old High German)
  - offen (Middle High German)
    - offe (Alemannic German)
    - offen (German)
    - אָפֿן (ofn) (Yiddish)
*opan (Proto-West Germanic)
- opan, open (Old Saxon)
  - open, apen (Middle Low German)
    - open, apen (Low German)
opinn (Old Norse)
- opin (Faroese)
- opinn (Icelandic)
- open (Norwegian Nynorsk)
opinn (Old Norse)
- åben (Danish)
  - åpen (Norwegian Bokmål)
opinn (Old Norse)
- ypin (Old Swedish)
  - öppen (Swedish)

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