*warjaną
Runic: ᚹᚨᚱᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈwɑr.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
- to ward off, to defend against
- to thwart, to stop
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *wer- (‘to heed’). Cognate with Sanskrit वृणोति (vṛṇóti) (vṛṇóti, ‘to cover, stop’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | warjō | warjaų | – |
| 2nd singular | warisi | warjais | wari |
| 3rd singular | wariþi | warjai | warjaþau |
| 1st dual | warjōs | warjaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | warjaþiz | warjaiþiz | warjaþiz |
| 1st plural | warjamaz | warjaim | – |
| 2nd plural | wariþ | warjaiþ | wariþ |
| 3rd plural | warjanþi | warjain | warjanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | warjai | – |
| 2nd singular | warjasai | warjaisau |
| 3rd singular | warjaþai | warjaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | warjanþai | warjainþau |
| 2nd plural | warjanþai | warjainþau |
| 3rd plural | warjanþai | warjainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | waridǭ | waridēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | waridēz | waridēdīz |
| 3rd singular | waridē | waridēdī |
| 1st dual | waridēdū | waridēdīw |
| 2nd dual | waridēdudiz | waridēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | waridēdum | waridēdīm |
| 2nd plural | waridēdud | waridēdīd |
| 3rd plural | waridēdun | waridēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| warjaną | warjandz | waridaz |
Descendants
-
*warjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- weria (Old Frisian)
-
*warjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
werien (Old Dutch)
-
weren (Middle Dutch)
- weren (Dutch)
- waere (Limburgish)
-
weren (Middle Dutch)
-
werien (Old Dutch)
-
*warjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
werian (Old English)
-
werien, weren (Middle English)
- weir, wear (English)
- were, wer, weir (Scots)
-
werien, weren (Middle English)
-
werian (Old English)
-
*warjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
werien (Old High German)
-
weren, wern (Middle High German)
- bèaran (Cimbrian)
- wehren (German)
- wieren (Luxembourgish)
-
weren, wern (Middle High German)
-
werien (Old High German)
-
*warjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
werian (Old Saxon)
-
weren (Middle Low German)
- wehren (Low German)
- varo (Polabian)
-
weren (Middle Low German)
-
werian (Old Saxon)
-
*warjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*warantus (Vulgar Latin)
- garant (Old French)
-
*warantus (Vulgar Latin)
-
*warjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*warantus (Vulgar Latin)
-
*warantire, *warantia (Vulgar Latin)
- guarantir (Old French)
-
*warantire, *warantia (Vulgar Latin)
-
*warantus (Vulgar Latin)
-
*warjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*wariō (Vulgar Latin)
- guarire (Italian)
- guarir (Old French)
- guarì, varì (Piedmontese)
-
*wariō (Vulgar Latin)
-
*warjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*wariō (Vulgar Latin)
-
garir, guarir (Old Occitan)
- garir (Occitan)
-
garir, guarir (Old Occitan)
-
*wariō (Vulgar Latin)
-
*warjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*wariō (Vulgar Latin)
-
garir, guarir (Old Occitan)
-
guarir, garir, guayrir, gorir (Old Catalan)
- guarir (Catalan)
-
guarir, garir, guayrir, gorir (Old Catalan)
-
garir, guarir (Old Occitan)
-
*wariō (Vulgar Latin)
-
verja (Old Norse)
- verja (Faroese)
- verja (Icelandic)
- verja (Norwegian Nynorsk)
-
verja (Old Norse)
-
wæriæ (Old Danish)
-
værge (Danish)
- verge (Norwegian Bokmål)
-
værge (Danish)
-
wæriæ (Old Danish)
-
verja (Old Norse)
-
væria (Old Swedish)
- värja (Swedish)
-
væria (Old Swedish)
- 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (warjan) (Gothic)
- *varjat'ak (Proto-Finnic)