*þunkijaną
Runic: ᚦᚢᚾᚲᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈθuŋ.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
to seem, (impersonal, with dative subject) to think
Etymology
Zero-grade ye-present, pre-Germanic *tn̥g-ye/o-, from Proto-Indo-European *teng- (‘to think, perceive’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | þunkijō | þunkijaų | – |
| 2nd singular | þunkīsi | þunkijais | þunkī |
| 3rd singular | þunkīþi | þunkijai | þunkijaþau |
| 1st dual | þunkijōs | þunkijaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | þunkijaþiz | þunkijaiþiz | þunkijaþiz |
| 1st plural | þunkijamaz | þunkijaim | – |
| 2nd plural | þunkīþ | þunkijaiþ | þunkīþ |
| 3rd plural | þunkijanþi | þunkijain | þunkijanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | þunkijai | – |
| 2nd singular | þunkijasai | þunkijaisau |
| 3rd singular | þunkijaþai | þunkijaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | þunkijanþai | þunkijainþau |
| 2nd plural | þunkijanþai | þunkijainþau |
| 3rd plural | þunkijanþai | þunkijainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | þunhtǭ | þunhtēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | þunhtēz | þunhtēdīz |
| 3rd singular | þunhtē | þunhtēdī |
| 1st dual | þunhtēdū | þunhtēdīw |
| 2nd dual | þunhtēdudiz | þunhtēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | þunhtēdum | þunhtēdīm |
| 2nd plural | þunhtēdud | þunhtēdīd |
| 3rd plural | þunhtēdun | þunhtēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| þunkijaną | þunkijandz | þunkidaz |
Descendants
-
*þunkijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
thunken (Old Dutch)
-
dunken (Middle Dutch)
- dunken (Dutch)
- dönke (Limburgish)
-
dunken (Middle Dutch)
-
thunken (Old Dutch)
-
*þunkijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
þyncan, þynċean (Old English)
-
thynken, thunken, thunchen (Middle English)
- think, methinks (English)
- think, me-think (Scots)
-
thynken, thunken, thunchen (Middle English)
-
þyncan, þynċean (Old English)
-
*þunkijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
thinka, thinza, thinsza, tinsa (Old Frisian)
- tinke (Saterland Frisian)
- tinckje, tinkje (West Frisian)
-
thinka, thinza, thinsza, tinsa (Old Frisian)
-
*þunkijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
dunken (Old High German)
-
dunken, tunken (Middle High German)
- dünken (German)
- dénken (Luxembourgish)
-
dunken, tunken (Middle High German)
-
dunken (Old High German)
-
*þunkijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
thunkian (Old Saxon)
-
dünken, dunken (Middle Low German)
- dünken (Low German)
-
dünken, dunken (Middle Low German)
-
thunkian (Old Saxon)
-
þykkja (Old Norse)
- tykkes, samtykke (Danish)
- samtykkja (Faroese)
- þykja, samþykkja (Icelandic)
- tykkje (Jamtish)
- tykkja (Norwegian Nynorsk)
-
þykkja (Old Norse)
-
þykkia, þykia (Old Swedish)
- tycka, tyckas (Swedish)
-
þykkia, þykia (Old Swedish)
- 𐌸𐌿𐌲𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (þugkjan) (Gothic)