*ōbijaną

Runic: ᛟᛒᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɔː.βi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 1

Meanings

to perform, practice

Etymology

The causative-iterative formation to a lost strong verb *afaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ep- (‘to labor, work’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	ōbijō	ōbijaų	–
2nd singular	ōbīsi	ōbijais	ōbī
3rd singular	ōbīþi	ōbijai	ōbijaþau
1st dual	ōbijōs	ōbijaiw	–
2nd dual	ōbijaþiz	ōbijaiþiz	ōbijaþiz
1st plural	ōbijamaz	ōbijaim	–
2nd plural	ōbīþ	ōbijaiþ	ōbīþ
3rd plural	ōbijanþi	ōbijain	ōbijanþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	ōbijai	–
2nd singular	ōbijasai	ōbijaisau
3rd singular	ōbijaþai	ōbijaiþau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	ōbijanþai	ōbijainþau
2nd plural	ōbijanþai	ōbijainþau
3rd plural	ōbijanþai	ōbijainþau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	ōbidǭ	ōbidēdį̄
2nd singular	ōbidēz	ōbidēdīz
3rd singular	ōbidē	ōbidēdī
1st dual	ōbidēdū	ōbidēdīw
2nd dual	ōbidēdudiz	ōbidēdīdiz
1st plural	ōbidēdum	ōbidēdīm
2nd plural	ōbidēdud	ōbidēdīd
3rd plural	ōbidēdun	ōbidēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
ōbijaną	ōbijandz	ōbidaz

Find a form

Descendants

ēwa (Old Frisian)
- äiwje, eeuwje (Saterland Frisian)
ēwa (Old Frisian)
- ōvenia, ōvonia, ōfnia (Old Frisian)
  - oefenje (West Frisian)
jōwa (Old Frisian)
- äiwje, eeuwje (Saterland Frisian)
jōwa (Old Frisian)
- ōvenia, ōvonia, ōfnia (Old Frisian)
  - oefenje (West Frisian)
ōbian (Old Saxon)
- ôven (Middle Low German)
  - øve (Danish)
  - öven (German Low German)
  - øve (Norwegian)
  - öva (Swedish)
ōvian (Old Saxon)
- ôven (Middle Low German)
  - øve (Danish)
  - öven (German Low German)
  - øve (Norwegian)
  - öva (Swedish)
*uoven (Old Dutch)
- oeven (Middle Dutch)
  - oeven (Dutch)
*uoven (Old Dutch)
- oeven (Middle Dutch)
  - oefenen (Middle Dutch)
    - oefenen (Dutch)
      - oefen (Afrikaans)
uoben (Old High German)
- uoben, üeben, üben (Middle High German)
  - ieve (Hunsrik)
  - iwe (Rhine Franconian)
uoben (Old High German)
- uoben, üeben, üben (Middle High German)
  - üben (German)
    - üben (Luxembourgish)
    - üübje (Saterland Frisian)
uaben (Old High German)
- uoben, üeben, üben (Middle High German)
  - ieve (Hunsrik)
  - iwe (Rhine Franconian)
uaben (Old High German)
- uoben, üeben, üben (Middle High German)
  - üben (German)
    - üben (Luxembourgish)
    - üübje (Saterland Frisian)
uopen (Old High German)
- uoben, üeben, üben (Middle High German)
  - ieve (Hunsrik)
  - iwe (Rhine Franconian)
uopen (Old High German)
- uoben, üeben, üben (Middle High German)
  - üben (German)
    - üben (Luxembourgish)
    - üübje (Saterland Frisian)
*œfa (Old Norse)
- æfa (Icelandic)

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