*abuhaz
Runic: ᚨᛒᚢᚺᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑ.βu.xɑz/adjective · a-stem
Meanings
- turned the wrong way; reversed, inverted
- wrong, perverse, wicked, bad
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *apo-h₃kʷ-o-, a compound of *apó + the compound form *h₃kʷ- from *h₃ekʷ- ~ *h₃okʷ- (Kroonen 2013: 2; Derksen 2008: 372; Palmér 2025: 96). The Germanic form was remodeled internally after adjectives in *-ugaz, giving *abuhaz beside North Germanic **abugaz (Kroonen 2013: 2). Secure cognates are Proto-Slavic *ȍpakъ and Sanskrit अपाञ्च् (ápāñc) (Derksen 2008: 371; Palmér 2025: 96).
Declension
Strong declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | abuhaz | abuhō | abuhą, -atō | abuhai | abuhôz | abuhō |
| Acc. | abuhanǭ | abuhǭ | abuhą, -atō | abuhanz | abuhōz | abuhō |
| Gen. | abuhas, -is | abuhaizōz | abuhas, -is | abuhaizǫ̂ | abuhaizǫ̂ | abuhaizǫ̂ |
| Dat. | abuhammai | abuhaizōi | abuhammai | abuhaimaz | abuhaimaz | abuhaimaz |
| Inst. | abuhanō | abuhaizō | abuhanō | abuhaimiz | abuhaimiz | abuhaimiz |
Weak declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | abuhô | abuhǭ | abuhô | abuhaniz | abuhōniz | abuhōnō |
| Acc. | abuhanų | abuhōnų | abuhô | abuhanunz | abuhōnunz | abuhōnō |
| Gen. | abuhiniz | abuhōniz | abuhiniz | abuhanǫ̂ | abuhōnǫ̂ | abuhanǫ̂ |
| Dat. | abuhini | abuhōni | abuhini | abuhammaz | abuhōmaz | abuhammaz |
| Inst. | abuhinē | abuhōnē | abuhinē | abuhammiz | abuhōmiz | abuhammiz |
Descendants
- abuh (Old Saxon)
-
abuh (Old High German)
-
ebich (Middle High German)
- äbich (German)
-
ebich (Middle High German)
-
ǫfugr, ǫfigr, afigr (Old Norse)
- awk (English)
- öfugur (Icelandic)
- avig, avug, ovug (Norwegian)
- avet (Danish)
-
ǫfugr, ǫfigr, afigr (Old Norse)
-
avigher, avugher, avogher (Old Swedish)
- avig, avog, avot (Swedish)
-
avigher, avugher, avogher (Old Swedish)
- 𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌺𐍃 (ibuks) (Gothic)