*aglijaną

Runic: ᚨᚷᛚᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɑɣ.li.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 1

Meanings

to harm, injure, afflict; to trouble, distress, or offend

Etymology

From *agluz + -*(i)janą (Orel 2003: 4). A recent Celto-Germanic treatment groups Proto-Germanic *aglaz ~ *aglijana with Proto-Celtic *aglo- under a ‘wound, injure’ isogloss, glossing Gothic 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan) as ‘treat badly, harm’ and Old English eġlan as 'to harass, afflict' (Koch 2020: 98).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	aglijō	aglijaų	–
2nd singular	aglīsi	aglijais	aglī
3rd singular	aglīþi	aglijai	aglijaþau
1st dual	aglijōs	aglijaiw	–
2nd dual	aglijaþiz	aglijaiþiz	aglijaþiz
1st plural	aglijamaz	aglijaim	–
2nd plural	aglīþ	aglijaiþ	aglīþ
3rd plural	aglijanþi	aglijain	aglijanþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	aglijai	–
2nd singular	aglijasai	aglijaisau
3rd singular	aglijaþai	aglijaiþau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	aglijanþai	aglijainþau
2nd plural	aglijanþai	aglijainþau
3rd plural	aglijanþai	aglijainþau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	aglidǭ	aglidēdį̄
2nd singular	aglidēz	aglidēdīz
3rd singular	aglidē	aglidēdī
1st dual	aglidēdū	aglidēdīw
2nd dual	aglidēdudiz	aglidēdīdiz
1st plural	aglidēdum	aglidēdīm
2nd plural	aglidēdud	aglidēdīd
3rd plural	aglidēdun	aglidēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
aglijaną	aglijandz	aglidaz

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Descendants

*aglijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- eġlan, eġlian, elan (Old English)
  - eilen, eilien, alen (Middle English)
    - ail (English)
    - ail (Scots)
*aglijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *eglan (Old Saxon)
  - egelen, echelen, ekelen, eichelen (Middle Low German)
    - aicheln (Low German)
*aglijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *eglan (Old Saxon)
  - egelen, echelen, ekelen, eichelen (Middle Low German)
    - ekeln (German)
      - eekelen (Luxembourgish)
*egla (Old Norse)
- egla (Norwegian)
𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan) (Gothic)

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