*aikulaz
Runic: ᚨᛁᚲᚢᛚᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑi̯.ku.lɑz/adjective · a-stem
Meanings
- frightened, terrified, overcome with fear
- excited, agitated, trembling
Etymology
From pre-Germanic *h₂oyǵ-u-ló-s or a similar Proto-Germanic remodeling: an adjectival formation based on Proto-Indo-European *h₂oyǵ-e/o-, the o-grade of root *h₂eyg-, with the semantic development ‘agitated, violently moved’ → ‘excited, trembling’ → ‘frightened, terrified’ (Kroonen 2013: 10; Rix et al. 2001: 222–23). Compare Sanskrit एजति (éjati). Related to *aikijaną.
Declension
Strong declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | aikulaz | aikulō | aikulą, -atō | aikulai | aikulôz | aikulō |
| Acc. | aikulanǭ | aikulǭ | aikulą, -atō | aikulanz | aikulōz | aikulō |
| Gen. | aikulas, -is | aikulaizōz | aikulas, -is | aikulaizǫ̂ | aikulaizǫ̂ | aikulaizǫ̂ |
| Dat. | aikulammai | aikulaizōi | aikulammai | aikulaimaz | aikulaimaz | aikulaimaz |
| Inst. | aikulanō | aikulaizō | aikulanō | aikulaimiz | aikulaimiz | aikulaimiz |
Weak declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | aikulô | aikulǭ | aikulô | aikulaniz | aikulōniz | aikulōnō |
| Acc. | aikulanų | aikulōnų | aikulô | aikulanunz | aikulōnunz | aikulōnō |
| Gen. | aikuliniz | aikulōniz | aikuliniz | aikulanǫ̂ | aikulōnǫ̂ | aikulanǫ̂ |
| Dat. | aikulini | aikulōni | aikulini | aikulammaz | aikulōmaz | aikulammaz |
| Inst. | aikulinē | aikulōnē | aikulinē | aikulammiz | aikulōmiz | aikulammiz |
Descendants
- acol, acul (Old English)