*aitrōną
Runic: ᚨᛁᛏᚱᛟᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɑi̯.trɔː.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 2
Meanings
- to fester; to suppurate
- to poison; to envenom
Etymology
From *aitrą + *-ōną. Its two meanings reflect the ordinary intransitive/transitive range of such a formation: ‘to produce or discharge pus, become suppurating’ and ‘to affect with poison’. The base *aitrą is generally reconstructed as PIE *h₂óyd-ro-m, an o-grade derivative of root *h₂eyd- (‘to swell’). Cognates of the underlying root include Old Armenian այտնում (aytnum), Ancient Greek οἰδέω (oidéō) and οἶδος (oîdos), and Latin aemidus (Beekes 2010: 1053–54; Kroonen 2013: 14–15; Martirosyan 2010: 61, 706; Matasović 2018; Orel 2003: 10).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | aitrō | aitrǭ | – |
| 2nd singular | aitrōsi | aitrōs | aitrō |
| 3rd singular | aitrōþi | aitrō | aitrōþau |
| 1st dual | aitrōs | aitrōw | – |
| 2nd dual | aitrōþiz | aitrōþiz | aitrōþiz |
| 1st plural | aitrōmaz | aitrōm | – |
| 2nd plural | aitrōþ | aitrōþ | aitrōþ |
| 3rd plural | aitrōnþi | aitrōn | aitrōnþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | aitrōi | – |
| 2nd singular | aitrōsai | aitrōsau |
| 3rd singular | aitrōþai | aitrōþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | aitrōnþai | aitrōnþau |
| 2nd plural | aitrōnþai | aitrōnþau |
| 3rd plural | aitrōnþai | aitrōnþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | aitrōdǭ | aitrōdēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | aitrōdēz | aitrōdēdīz |
| 3rd singular | aitrōdē | aitrōdēdī |
| 1st dual | aitrōdēdū | aitrōdēdīw |
| 2nd dual | aitrōdēdudiz | aitrōdēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | aitrōdēdum | aitrōdēdīm |
| 2nd plural | aitrōdēdud | aitrōdēdīd |
| 3rd plural | aitrōdēdun | aitrōdēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| aitrōną | aitrōndz | aitrōdaz |
Descendants
-
*aittrōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*eitaron, *eittaron (Old Dutch)
-
etteren (Middle Dutch)
- etteren (Dutch)
-
etteren (Middle Dutch)
-
*eitaron, *eittaron (Old Dutch)
-
*aittrōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
ǣtrian, ātrian, ǣttrian (Old English)
-
attren (Middle English)
- atter (English)
- etter (Scots)
-
attren (Middle English)
-
ǣtrian, ātrian, ǣttrian (Old English)
-
*aittrōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*ātria, *āttria (Old Frisian)
- atterje (Saterland Frisian)
-
*ātria, *āttria (Old Frisian)
-
*aittrōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
eitarōn, eittarōn (Old High German)
-
eiteren, eitern (Middle High German)
- eitern (German)
-
eiteren, eitern (Middle High German)
-
eitarōn, eittarōn (Old High German)
-
*aittrōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*ētarōn, *ēttarōn (Old Saxon)
- etteren (Middle Low German)
-
*ētarōn, *ēttarōn (Old Saxon)
-
eitra (Old Norse)
- eitra (Faroese)
- eitra (Icelandic)