*aljamarkiz
Runic: ᚨᛚᛃᚨᛗᚨᚱᚲᛁᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑl.jɑ.ˌmɑr.kiz/adjective · i-stem
Meanings
foreign, alien; a foreigner, one from another territory or country
Etymology
From a compound *alja-marki-, literally ‘of/from another borderland or country’, from *aljaz + a formation derived from *markō. The compound is directly attested as Proto-Norse ᚨᛚᛃᚨᛗᚨᚱᚲᛁᛉ (aljamarkiʀ), apparently used substantivally in ek aljamarkiʀ ‘I, the foreigner’ (Koch 2020: 112). Compare with Proto-Celtic *alyo-mrogi-, reflected in Gaulish Allobroges and Middle Welsh allfro; Koch reconstructs a common Celto-Germanic *alyo-morgi- ~ *alyo-mrogi-.
The first constituent ultimately continues Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos, while the second belongs to PIE *mórǵs, whence also Proto-Celtic *mrogis, Latin margō, Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬰𐬀 (marəza), and Persian مَرْز (marz) (Koch 2020: 112; Kroonen 2013: 355; Weiss 2012: 350).
Declension
Strong declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | aljamarkiz | aljamarkī | aljamarkį, -jatō | aljamarkijai | aljamarkijôz | aljamarkijō |
| Acc. | aljamarkijanǭ | aljamarkijǭ | aljamarkį, -jatō | aljamarkijanz | aljamarkijōz | aljamarkijō |
| Gen. | aljamarkijas, aljamarkīs | aljamarkijaizōz | aljamarkijas, aljamarkīs | aljamarkijaizǫ̂ | aljamarkijaizǫ̂ | aljamarkijaizǫ̂ |
| Dat. | aljamarkijammai | aljamarkijaizōi | aljamarkijammai | aljamarkijaimaz | aljamarkijaimaz | aljamarkijaimaz |
| Inst. | aljamarkijanō | aljamarkijaizō | aljamarkijanō | aljamarkijaimiz | aljamarkijaimiz | aljamarkijaimiz |
Weak declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | aljamarkijô | aljamarkijǭ | aljamarkijô | aljamarkijaniz | aljamarkijōniz | aljamarkijōnō |
| Acc. | aljamarkijanų | aljamarkijōnų | aljamarkijô | aljamarkijanunz | aljamarkijōnunz | aljamarkijōnō |
| Gen. | aljamarkīniz | aljamarkijōniz | aljamarkīniz | aljamarkijanǫ̂ | aljamarkijōnǫ̂ | aljamarkijanǫ̂ |
| Dat. | aljamarkīni | aljamarkijōni | aljamarkīni | aljamarkijammaz | aljamarkijōmaz | aljamarkijammaz |
| Inst. | aljamarkīnē | aljamarkijōnē | aljamarkīnē | aljamarkijammiz | aljamarkijōmiz | aljamarkijammiz |
Descendants
- ᚨᛚᛃᚨᛗᚨᚱᚲᛁᛉ (aljamarkiʀ) (Proto-Norse)