*aljaną¹
Runic: ᚨᛚᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɑl.jɑ.nɑ̃/noun · neuter · a-stem
Meanings
- zeal, eagerness
- strength, courage
Etymology
Of uncertain origin. Kroonen analyzes the noun as a neuter formation in *-ana- and compares Hittite 𒄩 𒆷 𒀀 𒄿 / 𒄩 𒇷 (ḫalai-i /ḫa-la-a-i/, ḫali- /ḫa-li/) < Proto-Indo-European *h₂l-oi-/*h₂l-i- (Kloekhorst 2008: 271; Kroonen 2013: 23). His further comparison with Ancient Greek ἰάλλω (iállō) is doubtful, since Beekes (2010: 572) instead derives the Greek verb from PIE *sel-. An older comparison with Latin alacer is also uncertain, but de Vaan (2008: 32) concedes that the noun could be from the root underlying Latin ambulāre < PIE *h₂elh₂-, thereby possibly connecting it with the Hittite word.
Declension
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nom. | aljaną | aljanō |
| Acc. | aljaną | aljanō |
| Gen. | aljanas, aljanis | aljanǫ̂ |
| Dat. | aljanai | aljanamaz |
| Inst. | aljanō | aljanamiz |
| Voc. | aljaną | aljanō |
Descendants
-
*alljan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
ellen (Old English)
-
ellen (Middle English)
- ellen, elne (English)
-
ellen (Middle English)
-
ellen (Old English)
-
*alljan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
ellan, eillan, ellian (Old High German)
- ellen (Middle High German)
-
ellan, eillan, ellian (Old High German)
-
*alljan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
ellian (Old Saxon)
- ellen, ellent (Middle Low German)
-
ellian (Old Saxon)
-
eljan, eljun (Old Norse)
- eljan, eljun, elja (Icelandic)
- 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (aljan) (Gothic)