*angustiz

Runic: ᚨᚾᚷᚢᛊᛏᛁᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑŋ.ɡus.tiz/

noun · feminine · i-stem

Meanings

  1. narrowness, tightness; constriction
  2. distress, fear, anxiety

Etymology

A Germanic abstract derivative associated with *anguz, with *-(s)ti-, yielding *angustiz. The prehistory of *-st- is uncertain: the noun may continue a *-sti- formation to Proto-Indo-European *h₂emǵʰ-u- or a *-ti- derivative of the related s-stem *h₂emǵʰ-es/os- (Kluge & Seebold 1989: s.v. Angst) an analysis through *-os-ti- has also been proposed (Majer 2021: 208 n. 28; Watkins 2011: s.v. angh-). Ultimately from the PIE root *h₂emǵʰ-/*h₂enǵʰ-. The shift from bodily constriction to emotional distress is already Indo-European: compare Sanskrit अंहस् (aṃhas), Avestan 𐬄𐬰𐬀𐬵 (ązah-), Latin angor, angustus, and Ancient Greek ἄγχω (ánkhō) (Bernard 2025: 15, 94; Kroonen 2013: s.v. *angwu-; Wodtko et al. 2008: 301–303).

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.angustizangustīz
Acc.angustįangustinz
Gen.angustīzangustijǫ̂
Dat.angustīangustimaz
Inst.angustīangustimiz
Voc.angustiangustīz

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Descendants

  • angust (Old Dutch)
    • ancst, anxt, angest (Middle Dutch)
      • angst (Dutch)
        • angs (Afrikaans)
  • angst, ongost, ongest (Old Frisian)
    • Oangst (Saterland Frisian)
    • eangst (West Frisian)
  • angust (Old High German)
    • angest (Middle High German)
      • Angscht (Alemannic German)
      • Ångst, Ångscht (Bavarian)
      • Angst (German)
      • Angks (Kölsch)
      • Angscht (Luxembourgish)
  • *angust (Old Saxon)
    • angest (Middle Low German)
      • Angst (Low German)
  • *angust (Old Saxon)
    • angest (Middle Low German)
      • angist (Old Norse)
        • angist (Faroese)
        • angist (Icelandic)
        • angst (Norwegian Bokmål)
        • ångest (Swedish)
  • *angust (Old Saxon)
    • angest (Middle Low German)
      • angist (Old Norse)
        • angst (Danish)
          • angst (English)

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