*awjōlandą
Runic: ᚨᚹᛃᛟᛚᚨᚾᛞᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɑu̯.jɔː.ˌlɑn.dɑ̃/noun · neuter · a-stem
Meanings
island
Etymology
From *awjō + *landą. The compound is reflected by Old English īeġland and Old Norse eyland, but its reconstruction to Proto-Germanic is uncertain. Old Frisian ā-lönd, ey-land appears to have arisen by secondary addition of ‘land’ to the inherited word for ‘island’, partly to distinguish it from homonyms (Boutkan & Siebinga 2005: 2), and Carr (1939: 37–38) accordingly regarded the compound as post-Proto-Germanic, while conceding that the Old English and Old Norse forms could formally continue a Proto-Germanic formation. Dutch eiland and related continental forms are probably borrowed from Old Frisian and therefore provide no independent evidence for Proto-Germanic antiquity (de Vaan 2014: 527–538). A Proto-Germanic *awjōlandą is possible, but parallel secondary formations in the daughter languages cannot be excluded.
Declension
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nom. | awjōlandą | awjōlandō |
| Acc. | awjōlandą | awjōlandō |
| Gen. | awjōlandas, awjōlandis | awjōlandǫ̂ |
| Dat. | awjōlandai | awjōlandamaz |
| Inst. | awjōlandō | awjōlandamiz |
| Voc. | awjōlandą | awjōlandō |
Descendants
-
*auwjuland (Proto-West Germanic)
-
ēaland, īeġland, īġland (Old English)
-
ylond, yland, iland, eiland (Middle English)
- iland, island (English)
- island, iland, yland (Scots)
-
ylond, yland, iland, eiland (Middle English)
-
ēaland, īeġland, īġland (Old English)
-
*auwjuland (Proto-West Germanic)
-
alond, āland, eiland (Old Frisian)
- Ailound, Oailound (Saterland Frisian)
- eilân (West Frisian)
-
alond, āland, eiland (Old Frisian)
-
*auwjuland (Proto-West Germanic)
-
alond, āland, eiland (Old Frisian)
- Ailön (Sylt)
-
alond, āland, eiland (Old Frisian)
-
*auwjuland (Proto-West Germanic)
-
alond, āland, eiland (Old Frisian)
-
eilant (Old Dutch)
-
eilant (Middle Dutch)
-
eiland, eylant, eyland, eylandt, eijlandt, eilandt, eijlant, eijland (Dutch)
- eiland (Afrikaans)
-
eiland, eylant, eyland, eylandt, eijlandt, eilandt, eijlant, eijland (Dutch)
-
eilant (Middle Dutch)
-
eilant (Old Dutch)
-
alond, āland, eiland (Old Frisian)
-
*auwjuland (Proto-West Germanic)
-
alond, āland, eiland (Old Frisian)
-
eiland, eilant (Old Saxon)
-
eilant, eiglant, eylant (Middle Low German)
- Eiland (Low German)
-
eilant, eiglant, eylant (Middle Low German)
-
eiland, eilant (Old Saxon)
-
alond, āland, eiland (Old Frisian)
-
*auwjuland (Proto-West Germanic)
-
alond, āland, eiland (Old Frisian)
-
eiland, eilant (Old Saxon)
-
eilant, eiglant, eylant (Middle Low German)
-
eilant, einlant (Middle High German)
- Eiland (German)
-
eilant, einlant (Middle High German)
-
eilant, eiglant, eylant (Middle Low German)
-
eiland, eilant (Old Saxon)
-
alond, āland, eiland (Old Frisian)
-
eyland (Old Norse)
- øland (Danish)
- eyland (Icelandic)
- Öland (Swedish)