*brannijaną

Runic: ᛒᚱᚨᚾᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈbrɑn.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 1

Meanings

to cause to burn, to set on fire

Etymology

From *brinnaną (‘to burn, be on fire’) +‎ *-(i)janą (causative suffix forming Weak class 1 verbs). Ultimately from *bʰronw-éye/o-, from an o-grade, nasal-infixed form of Proto-Indo-European root *bʰrewh₁- (‘to boil, brew’), from root *bʰer- (‘to boil’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	brannijō	brannijaų	–
2nd singular	brannīsi	brannijais	brannī
3rd singular	brannīþi	brannijai	brannijaþau
1st dual	brannijōs	brannijaiw	–
2nd dual	brannijaþiz	brannijaiþiz	brannijaþiz
1st plural	brannijamaz	brannijaim	–
2nd plural	brannīþ	brannijaiþ	brannīþ
3rd plural	brannijanþi	brannijain	brannijanþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	brannijai	–
2nd singular	brannijasai	brannijaisau
3rd singular	brannijaþai	brannijaiþau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	brannijanþai	brannijainþau
2nd plural	brannijanþai	brannijainþau
3rd plural	brannijanþai	brannijainþau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	brannidǭ	brannidēdį̄
2nd singular	brannidēz	brannidēdīz
3rd singular	brannidē	brannidēdī
1st dual	brannidēdū	brannidēdīw
2nd dual	brannidēdudiz	brannidēdīdiz
1st plural	brannidēdum	brannidēdīm
2nd plural	brannidēdud	brannidēdīd
3rd plural	brannidēdun	brannidēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
brannijaną	brannijandz	brannidaz

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Descendants

*brannijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- brennen (Old Dutch)
  - bernen, barnen (Middle Dutch)
    - barnen (Dutch)
    - borre (Limburgish)
*brannijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- brennen (Old Dutch)
  - bernen, barnen (Middle Dutch)
    - branden (Middle Dutch)
      - branden (Dutch)
      - branje, brenje (Limburgish)
*brannijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- bærnan, *brænnan (Old English)
  - brennen (Middle English)
    - bren (English)
    - brenn, bren, brend (Scots)
*brannijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- berna, barna (Old Frisian)
  - baanje, baddenje (Saterland Frisian)
  - baarne, barne, brâne (West Frisian)
*brannijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- brennen (Old High German)
  - brennen (Middle High German)
    - brenna (Bavarian)
    - brennen (German)
    - brennen (Luxembourgish)
    - ברענען (brenen) (Yiddish)
*brannijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- brennian (Old Saxon)
  - bernen (Middle Low German)
    - brennen, brannen (Low German)
brenna, brinna (Old Norse)
- brinna (Elfdalian)
- brenna (Faroese)
- brinne (Gutnish)
- brenna (Icelandic)
- brenna, brenne (Norwegian)
brenna, brinna (Old Norse)
- brinnæ, brænnæ (Old Danish)
  - brænde (Danish)
  - brænða (Scanian)
brenna, brinna (Old Norse)
- brinna (Old Swedish)
  - brinna (Swedish)
*𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌽𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*brannjan) (Gothic)

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