*brēdaną
Runic: ᛒᚱᛖᛞᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈbrɛː.ðɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 7d
Meanings
- to warm, heat, broil
- to roast (meat)
Etymology
Uncertain. Possibly from *bʰreh₁-dʰh₁-e/o-, a dʰh₁-extension (forms resultative verbs from roots) of root *bʰer-/*bʰrewh₁- (‘to boil, brew’) (Lehmann 1986b: s.v. breen). Related to *brējaną (‘to roast, smell’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | brēdō | brēdaų | – |
| 2nd singular | brēdizi | brēdaiz | brēd |
| 3rd singular | brēdidi | brēdai | brēdadau |
| 1st dual | brēdōz | brēdaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | brēdadiz | brēdaidiz | brēdadiz |
| 1st plural | brēdamaz | brēdaim | – |
| 2nd plural | brēdid | brēdaid | brēdid |
| 3rd plural | brēdandi | brēdain | brēdandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | brēdai | – |
| 2nd singular | brēdazai | brēdaizau |
| 3rd singular | brēdadai | brēdaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | brēdandai | brēdaindau |
| 2nd plural | brēdandai | brēdaindau |
| 3rd plural | brēdandai | brēdaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | bebrēd | bebrēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | bebrēst | bebrēdīz |
| 3rd singular | bebrēd | bebrēdī |
| 1st dual | bebrēdū | bebrēdīw |
| 2nd dual | bebrēdudiz | bebrēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | bebrēdum | bebrēdīm |
| 2nd plural | bebrēdud | bebrēdīd |
| 3rd plural | bebrēdun | bebrēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| brēdaną | brēdandz | brēdanaz |
Descendants
-
*brādan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
brādan (Old Dutch)
-
brâden (Middle Dutch)
- braoje (Limburgish)
-
brâden (Middle Dutch)
-
brādan (Old Dutch)
-
*brādan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
brādan (Old Dutch)
-
brâden (Middle Dutch)
-
braden (Dutch)
- braai (Afrikaans)
-
braden (Dutch)
-
brâden (Middle Dutch)
-
brādan (Old Dutch)
-
*brādan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
brǣdan (Old English)
-
breden, breaden (Middle English)
- brade (Scots)
-
breden, breaden (Middle English)
-
brǣdan (Old English)
-
*brādan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
brēda (Old Frisian)
- bräide (Saterland Frisian)
- briede (West Frisian)
-
brēda (Old Frisian)
-
*brādan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
prātan, brātan (Old High German)
-
braten (Middle High German)
- braten (German)
- broden (Luxembourgish)
- בראָטן (brotn) (Yiddish)
-
braten (Middle High German)
-
prātan, brātan (Old High German)
-
*brādan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
brādan (Old Saxon)
-
brâden (Middle Low German)
- broden, braoden, braden, braën (Low German)
- broose, braase, braari (North Frisian)
- broden (Plautdietsch)
-
brâden (Middle Low German)
-
brādan (Old Saxon)
-
bræða (Old Norse)
- bræde (Danish)
- bræða (Faroese)
- bræða (Icelandic)
- brædha (Old Swedish)