*drōbuz

Runic: ᛞᚱᛟᛒᚢᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈdrɔː.βuz/

adjective · u-stem

Meanings

turbid, disturbed, troubled

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrṓbʰ-u-s from a lengthened o-grade form of root *dʰrebʰ- (‘thickened sediment’). The lengthened grade is unexplained, but may reflect an old stative/resultative adjectival formation: ‘muddied, made turbid, disturbed’. Cognate with Proto-Slavic *droba (‘sediment’) and possibly related to Ancient Greek τρέφω (tréphō) (tréphō, ‘to thicken, curdle’). Related to *drabaz (‘dregs’).

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	drōbuz	drōbī	drōbų, -jatō	drōbijai	drōbijôz	drōbijō
Acc.	drōbijanǭ	drōbijǭ	drōbų, -jatō	drōbijanz	drōbijōz	drōbijō
Gen.	drōbijas, drōbīs	drōbijaizōz	drōbijas, drōbīs	drōbijaizǫ̂	drōbijaizǫ̂	drōbijaizǫ̂
Dat.	drōbijammai	drōbijaizōi	drōbijammai	drōbijaimaz	drōbijaimaz	drōbijaimaz
Inst.	drōbijanō	drōbijaizō	drōbijanō	drōbijaimiz	drōbijaimiz	drōbijaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	drōbijô	drōbijǭ	drōbijô	drōbijaniz	drōbijōniz	drōbijōnō
Acc.	drōbijanų	drōbijōnų	drōbijô	drōbijanunz	drōbijōnunz	drōbijōnō
Gen.	drōbīniz	drōbijōniz	drōbīniz	drōbijanǫ̂	drōbijōnǫ̂	drōbijanǫ̂
Dat.	drōbīni	drōbijōni	drōbīni	drōbijammaz	drōbijōmaz	drōbijammaz
Inst.	drōbīnē	drōbijōnē	drōbīnē	drōbijammiz	drōbijōmiz	drōbijammiz

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Descendants

*drōbī (Proto-West Germanic)
- *druovi (Old Dutch)
  - droeve (Middle Dutch)
    - droef (Dutch)
      - droef (Afrikaans)
*drōbī (Proto-West Germanic)
- drōf, *drēfe (Old English)
  - drof, drove, dref (Middle English)
    - droff (English)
      - drub (English)
*drōbī (Proto-West Germanic)
- *drōf, drēve (Old Frisian)
  - drōfhēd (Old Frisian)
    - drôfheid (West Frisian)
*drōbī (Proto-West Germanic)
- truobi (Old High German)
  - truobe, trüebe (Middle High German)
    - trüb, trübe (German)
      - trub (English)
*drōbī (Proto-West Germanic)
- drōbi (Old Saxon)
  - drôve (Middle Low German)
    - drööv (Low German)
drov (Swedish)

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