*freusaną
Runic: ᚠᚱᛖᚢᛊᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɸreu̯.sɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 2
Meanings
to freeze
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *prews- (‘to freeze; frost’). Cognate with Latin pruīna (‘hoarfrost, frost’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | freusō | freusaų | – |
| 2nd singular | friusizi | freusaiz | freus |
| 3rd singular | friusidi | freusai | freusadau |
| 1st dual | freusōz | freusaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | freusadiz | freusaidiz | freusadiz |
| 1st plural | freusamaz | freusaim | – |
| 2nd plural | friusid | freusaid | friusid |
| 3rd plural | freusandi | freusain | freusandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | freusai | – |
| 2nd singular | freusazai | freusaizau |
| 3rd singular | freusadai | freusaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | freusandai | freusaindau |
| 2nd plural | freusandai | freusaindau |
| 3rd plural | freusandai | freusaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | fraus | fruzį̄ |
| 2nd singular | fraust | fruzīz |
| 3rd singular | fraus | fruzī |
| 1st dual | fruzū | fruzīw |
| 2nd dual | fruzudiz | fruzīdiz |
| 1st plural | fruzum | fruzīm |
| 2nd plural | fruzud | fruzīd |
| 3rd plural | fruzun | fruzīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| freusaną | freusandz | fruzanaz |
Descendants
-
*freusan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*friesan (Old Dutch)
-
vriesen (Middle Dutch)
- vrere, vreze (Limburgish)
-
vriesen (Middle Dutch)
-
*friesan (Old Dutch)
-
*freusan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*friesan (Old Dutch)
-
vriesen (Middle Dutch)
-
vriezen (Dutch)
- vries (Afrikaans)
- fris (Papiamentu)
-
vriezen (Dutch)
-
vriesen (Middle Dutch)
-
*friesan (Old Dutch)
-
*freusan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
frēosan (Old English)
-
fresen, freese, frese, freosen (Middle English)
- frese (Scots)
-
fresen, freese, frese, freosen (Middle English)
-
frēosan (Old English)
-
*freusan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
frēosan (Old English)
-
fresen, freese, frese, freosen (Middle English)
-
freeze (English)
- ffriża (Maltese)
-
freeze (English)
-
fresen, freese, frese, freosen (Middle English)
-
frēosan (Old English)
-
*freusan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*friāsa (Old Frisian)
- ? (North Frisian)
- frjoze (Saterland Frisian)
- frieze (West Frisian)
-
*friāsa (Old Frisian)
-
*freusan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
friosan (Old High German)
-
vriesen, vrieren (Middle High German)
- frian (Bavarian)
- freese, früüse, friere (Central Franconian)
- frieren (German)
- פֿרירן (frirn) (Yiddish)
-
vriesen, vrieren (Middle High German)
-
friosan (Old High German)
-
*freusan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
friosan (Old Saxon)
-
vrêsen, vreisen (Middle Low German)
- fresen (German Low German)
- freern, freren, fresen (Low German)
-
vrêsen, vreisen (Middle Low German)
-
friosan (Old Saxon)
-
frjósa (Old Norse)
- friuosa (Elfdalian)
- frosin (Faroese)
- frausa, frause (Gutnish)
- frjósa (Icelandic)
- frýse (Jamtish)
-
frjósa (Old Norse)
-
frȳsæ (Old Danish)
- frýsa (Scanian)
-
frȳsæ (Old Danish)
-
frjósa (Old Norse)
-
frȳsæ (Old Danish)
-
fryse (Danish)
- fryse (Norwegian Bokmål)
-
fryse (Danish)
-
frȳsæ (Old Danish)
-
frjósa (Old Norse)
-
frȳsa (Old Swedish)
- frysa, fryse (Swedish)
-
frȳsa (Old Swedish)