*gazdaz

Runic: ᚷᚨᛉᛞᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɣɑz.dɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

goad; spike

Etymology

Compare Latin hasta (‘shaft; spear’). Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰast- (‘rod, pole, bar, switch’), but, given the irregular phonetic variation and limited distribution, these are probably of non-Indo-European substrate origin.

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.gazdazgazdōz, gazdōs
Acc.gazdągazdanz
Gen.gazdas, gazdisgazdǫ̂
Dat.gazdaigazdamaz
Inst.gazdōgazdamiz
Voc.gazdgazdōz, gazdōs

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Descendants

  • *gaʀd (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *gard (Old Dutch)
      • gart, gāert (Middle Dutch)
        • gard (Dutch)
  • *gaʀd (Proto-West Germanic)
    • ġeard (Old English)
      • ȝearde, ȝard (Middle English)
        • yard (English)
        • yaird (Scots)
  • *gaʀd (Proto-West Germanic)
    • gart, garz, jars (Old French)
      • gars, jars (Middle French)
        • jars (French)
  • *gaʀd (Proto-West Germanic)
    • gart (Old High German)
      • gart (Middle High German)
        • Gart (German)
  • *gaʀd (Proto-West Germanic)
    • gard (Old Saxon)
      • gart (Middle Low German)
  • gaddr (Old Norse)
    • gaddur (Icelandic)
  • gaddr (Old Norse)
    • gadde, gad (Middle English)
      • gaud (Scots)
  • gaddr (Old Norse)
    • gadde, gad (Middle English)
      • gad (English)
        • gadfly (English)
  • gaddr (Old Norse)
    • gadder (Old Swedish)
      • gadd (Swedish)
  • 𐌲𐌰𐌶𐌳𐍃 (gazds) (Gothic)

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