*hellaną
Runic: ᚺᛖᛚᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈxel.lɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 3
Meanings
to resound, make a sound
Etymology
A verbal formation from Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (‘to call, make noise’). The semantic shift from "make noise" > "loud" > "clear, bright" in the High German descendants parallels that of Latin clārus (‘loud, clear’), from the same root.
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hellō | hellaų | – |
| 2nd singular | hillizi | hellaiz | hell |
| 3rd singular | hillidi | hellai | helladau |
| 1st dual | hellōz | hellaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | helladiz | hellaidiz | helladiz |
| 1st plural | hellamaz | hellaim | – |
| 2nd plural | hillid | hellaid | hillid |
| 3rd plural | hellandi | hellain | hellandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hellai | – |
| 2nd singular | hellazai | hellaizau |
| 3rd singular | helladai | hellaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | hellandai | hellaindau |
| 2nd plural | hellandai | hellaindau |
| 3rd plural | hellandai | hellaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hall | hullį̄ |
| 2nd singular | hallt | hullīz |
| 3rd singular | hall | hullī |
| 1st dual | hullū | hullīw |
| 2nd dual | hulludiz | hullīdiz |
| 1st plural | hullum | hullīm |
| 2nd plural | hullud | hullīd |
| 3rd plural | hullun | hullīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| hellaną | hellandz | hullanaz |
Descendants
- *hiellan (Old English)
- hieldon (Old English)
-
*hellan (Old Dutch)
- hellen (Middle Dutch)
-
hellan (Old High German)
-
hellen (Middle High German)
- hellen (German)
- העלן (heln) (Yiddish)
-
hellen (Middle High German)