*hlaidrijō

Runic: ᚺᛚᚨᛁᛞᚱᛁᛃᛟ Pronunciation: /ˈxlɑi̯.dri.jɔː/

noun · feminine · ō-stem

Meanings

ladder

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (‘to lean’). Cognate with Middle Irish clithar (‘hedge’), Ancient Greek κλῖμαξ (klîmax) (klîmax, ‘ladder’), and related to Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌸𐍂𐌰 (hleiþra, “booth, tent”, literally “that which leans”). Compare also Latin clathri (‘trellis’).

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.hlaidrijōhlaidrijôz
Acc.hlaidrijǭhlaidrijōz
Gen.hlaidrijōzhlaidrijǫ̂
Dat.hlaidrijōihlaidrijōmaz
Inst.hlaidrijōhlaidrijōmiz
Voc.hlaidrijōhlaidrijôz

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Descendants

  • *hlaidriju (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *lēdara (Old Dutch)
      • lejjer, leier (Limburgish)
  • *hlaidriju (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *lēdara (Old Dutch)
      • ledere, leedre, ledder, laddere, ladere (Middle Dutch)
        • ladder, leer (Dutch)
          • ladder, leer (Afrikaans)
  • *hlaidriju (Proto-West Germanic)
    • hlǣder, hlæder, hlædder (Old English)
      • laddre, ladder, laddere, laddir, ladre, ledder, leddre, leddyr, lheddre, læddræ, læddre, leaddre (Middle English)
        • ledder (Scots)
  • *hlaidriju (Proto-West Germanic)
    • hlǣder, hlæder, hlædder (Old English)
      • laddre, ladder, laddere, laddir, ladre, ledder, leddre, leddyr, lheddre, læddræ, læddre, leaddre (Middle English)
        • ladder, ledder (English)
          • lada (Bislama)
          • lada (Pijin)
  • *hlaidriju (Proto-West Germanic)
    • hladder, hledder, hleder, hlērde (Old Frisian)
      • ladder, lääder (North Frisian)
      • Laadere, Laddere (Saterland Frisian)
      • ljedder, leider, ljerre (West Frisian)
  • *hlaidriju (Proto-West Germanic)
    • hleitra, hleitara, leitra, leitara (Old High German)
      • leiter (Middle High German)
        • Later, Loater (Bavarian)
        • Leeter (Hunsrik)
        • Leeder (Luxembourgish)
        • לייטער (leyter) (Yiddish)
  • *hlaidriju (Proto-West Germanic)
    • hleitra, hleitara, leitra, leitara (Old High German)
      • leiter (Middle High German)
        • Leiter (German)
          • létra (Hungarian)
          • lótre, lójtre (Serbo-Croatian)
  • *hlaidriju (Proto-West Germanic)
    • hlēderi (Old Saxon)
      • leddere, ledder, lēdere, lēder, leider, ladder (Middle Low German)
        • Ledder (German Low German)
        • leider (Norwegian Bokmål)
        • leider (Norwegian Nynorsk)
        • Lada (Plautdietsch)

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