*hramō

Runic: ᚺᚱᚨᛗᛟ Pronunciation: /ˈxrɑ.mɔː/

noun · feminine · ō-stem

Meanings

frame, framework
rack
cross
crossbar, pole

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krem-, which appears to be a derivative of *(s)ker- (‘to cut’), and cognate with Proto-Slavic *krōmà (‘edge, boundary; slice’). An alternative theory links the root to Proto-Indo-European *ḱremh₂- (‘to hang’), whence Ancient Greek κρεμάννῡμῐ (kremánnūmĭ) (kremánnūmĭ, ‘to hang up’) (though Beekes is skeptical of this comparison).

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	hramō	hramôz
Acc.	hramǭ	hramōz
Gen.	hramōz	hramǫ̂
Dat.	hramōi	hramōmaz
Inst.	hramō	hramōmiz
Voc.	hramō	hramôz

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Descendants

*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- *rama (Old Dutch)
  - rāme, raem, raam (Middle Dutch)
    - raam, ramen (Dutch)
    - rame (English)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- *rama (Old Dutch)
  - rāme, raem, raam (Middle Dutch)
    - geraemte, geremte (Middle Dutch)
      - geraems, jerems (Limburgish)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- *rama (Old Dutch)
  - rāme, raem, raam (Middle Dutch)
    - geraemte, geremte (Middle Dutch)
      - geraamte (Dutch)
        
        geraamte (Afrikaans)
        
        Geraamte, Geraamt (German)
        
        ramt, raamt (West Frisian)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- *rama (Old Dutch)
  - rāme, raem, raam (Middle Dutch)
    - raime (Old French)
      - ranme (Middle French)
        
        rame (French)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- *hrame, *hrama (Old Frisian)
  - hramkorf, raemkorf (Old Frisian)
  - Roome (Saterland Frisian)
  - raam (West Frisian)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- rama, ram (Old High German)
  - rame, ram (Middle High German)
    - Ramme (Alemannic German)
    - Rumm (Luxembourgish)
    - raom (Vilamovian)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- rama, ram (Old High German)
  - rame, ram (Middle High German)
    - Rahmen, Ramen, Rahme, Rame (German)
      - rám (Czech)
      - ramă (Romanian)
      - рама (rama) (Russian)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- rama, ram (Old High German)
  - rame, ram (Middle High German)
    - rama, ram (Old Polish)
      - rama, rōma (Silesian)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- rama, ram (Old High German)
  - rame, ram (Middle High German)
    - rama, ram (Old Polish)
      - rama (Polish)
        
        ра́ма (ráma) (Belarusian)
        
        rama (Kashubian)
        
        ра́ма (ráma) (Ukrainian)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- rama, ram (Old High German)
  - rame, ram (Middle High German)
    - rama, ram (Old Polish)
      - rama (Polish)
        
        ра́ма (ráma) (Russian)
        
        rama (Azerbaijani)
        
        рама (rama) (Ingush)
        
        араама (araama) (Yakut)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- hrama, rama (Old Saxon)
  - rāme, rām, rāmen (Middle Low German)
    - ramme (Danish)
    - raam (Estonian)
    - ramma (Faroese)
    - Raam, Rahm, Räm, Rahmen, Rame, Ramen (German Low German)
    - ramma (Icelandic)
    - ramme (Norwegian Bokmål)
    - ramme (Norwegian Nynorsk)
    - Rämen (Plautdietsch)
    - ramme (Scanian)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- hrama, rama (Old Saxon)
  - rāme, rām, rāmen (Middle Low German)
    - rama (Old Swedish)
      - ram (Swedish)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- *frama (Vulgar Latin)
  - frame (Old French)
    - frame (Middle English)
      - frame (English)
*hramu (Proto-West Germanic)
- *frama (Vulgar Latin)
  - frame (Old French)
    - frame (Middle English)
      - framen (Middle English)
        
        frame (English)

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