*kruppaz

Runic: ᚲᚱᚢᛈᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈkrup.pɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

a body; mass
a compressed, round mass; lump; ball
a group; bunch; collection
a crop; bunch; cluster; head (of grain)
a crop

Etymology

Traditionally derived from a Proto-Indo-European *grewb- (‘to curve, bend, crawl’), from a root Proto-Indo-European *ger- (‘to turn, wind (into a mass)’), and compared with Persian گروه (goruh, ‘group’), though the reconstruction appears outdated (as more recent research reconstructs the proto-root as *grewbʰ-, see the entry for *kreupaną linked below), and the existence of a more fundamental root *ger- appears quite uncertain.

Kroonen tentatively considers the word an a-stem nominal formation related to *kruppōną (‘to crawl’), itself the iterative to *kreupaną (‘to crawl, writhe’), via sense development "to bend down and crawl" > "to bunch oneself into a clump-like shape".

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	kruppaz	kruppōz, kruppōs
Acc.	kruppą	kruppanz
Gen.	kruppas, kruppis	kruppǫ̂
Dat.	kruppai	kruppamaz
Inst.	kruppō	kruppamiz
Voc.	krupp	kruppōz, kruppōs

Find a form

Descendants

*krupp (Proto-West Germanic)
- *kropp, crop (Old Dutch)
  - crop (Middle Dutch)
    - krop (Dutch)
      - krop (Afrikaans)
      - krop (Negerhollands)
*krupp (Proto-West Germanic)
- cropp (Old English)
  - croppe, crop, crope, cropp, croupe, crowpe (Middle English)
    - crop (English)
    - crap, crop, croip, cropt, croup, croop (Scots)
*krupp (Proto-West Germanic)
- *krop (Old Frisian)
  - Krop (Saterland Frisian)
  - krop (West Frisian)
*krupp (Proto-West Germanic)
- kropf, kroph (Old High German)
  - kropf, kroph (Middle High German)
    - Kropf (German)
    - Kropp, Krupp (Rhine Franconian)
    - kröp (Vilamovian)
*krupp (Proto-West Germanic)
- kropf, kroph (Old High German)
  - kropf, kroph (Middle High German)
    - ? (Central Franconian)
      - Kropp (Hunsrik)
      - Krapp (Luxembourgish)
*krupp (Proto-West Germanic)
- kropp, krop (Old Saxon)
  - krop (Middle Low German)
    - Kropp (Low German)
    - Kropp (Plautdietsch)
*krupp (Proto-West Germanic)
- kropp, krop (Old Saxon)
  - krop (Middle Low German)
    - ? (Westphalian)
      - Krop, Krip (Ravensbergisch-Lippisch)
      - Kropp (Suerländer-Märkisch)
      - Kropp (Westmünsterländisch)
*krupp (Proto-West Germanic)
- *cruppus (Vulgar Latin)
  - grop (Catalan)
  - gruppo, groppo (Italian)
  - gruppu (Sicilian)
*kropp (Proto-West Germanic)
- *kropp, crop (Old Dutch)
  - crop (Middle Dutch)
    - krop (Dutch)
      - krop (Afrikaans)
      - krop (Negerhollands)
*kropp (Proto-West Germanic)
- cropp (Old English)
  - croppe, crop, crope, cropp, croupe, crowpe (Middle English)
    - crop (English)
    - crap, crop, croip, cropt, croup, croop (Scots)
*kropp (Proto-West Germanic)
- *krop (Old Frisian)
  - Krop (Saterland Frisian)
  - krop (West Frisian)
*kropp (Proto-West Germanic)
- kropf, kroph (Old High German)
  - kropf, kroph (Middle High German)
    - Kropf (German)
    - Kropp, Krupp (Rhine Franconian)
    - kröp (Vilamovian)
*kropp (Proto-West Germanic)
- kropf, kroph (Old High German)
  - kropf, kroph (Middle High German)
    - ? (Central Franconian)
      - Kropp (Hunsrik)
      - Krapp (Luxembourgish)
*kropp (Proto-West Germanic)
- kropp, krop (Old Saxon)
  - krop (Middle Low German)
    - Kropp (Low German)
    - Kropp (Plautdietsch)
*kropp (Proto-West Germanic)
- kropp, krop (Old Saxon)
  - krop (Middle Low German)
    - ? (Westphalian)
      - Krop, Krip (Ravensbergisch-Lippisch)
      - Kropp (Suerländer-Märkisch)
      - Kropp (Westmünsterländisch)
*kropp (Proto-West Germanic)
- *cruppus (Vulgar Latin)
  - grop (Catalan)
  - gruppo, groppo (Italian)
  - gruppu (Sicilian)
kroppr (Old Norse)
- krop (Danish)
- kroppur (Faroese)
- kroppur (Icelandic)
- kropp (Norwegian Bokmål)
- kropp (Norwegian Nynorsk)
kroppr (Old Norse)
- crope, croupe, crupe (Old French)
  - croupe (Norman)
kroppr (Old Norse)
- crope, croupe, crupe (Old French)
  - croupe, crop, crope, croppe, croup, crowpe (Middle English)
    - croup, croupe (English)
    - crouppe (Middle Scots)
kroppr (Old Norse)
- crope, croupe, crupe (Old French)
  - croupe (Middle French)
    - croupe (French)
kroppr (Old Norse)
- kropper, krupper (Old Swedish)
  - kropp (Swedish)

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