*laugnijaną
Runic: ᛚᚨᚢᚷᚾᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈlɑu̯ɣ.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
to conceal; gainsay; deny
Etymology
From *laugnaz (‘hidden’) + *-janą.
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | laugnijō | laugnijaų | – |
| 2nd singular | laugnīsi | laugnijais | laugnī |
| 3rd singular | laugnīþi | laugnijai | laugnijaþau |
| 1st dual | laugnijōs | laugnijaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | laugnijaþiz | laugnijaiþiz | laugnijaþiz |
| 1st plural | laugnijamaz | laugnijaim | – |
| 2nd plural | laugnīþ | laugnijaiþ | laugnīþ |
| 3rd plural | laugnijanþi | laugnijain | laugnijanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | laugnijai | – |
| 2nd singular | laugnijasai | laugnijaisau |
| 3rd singular | laugnijaþai | laugnijaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | laugnijanþai | laugnijainþau |
| 2nd plural | laugnijanþai | laugnijainþau |
| 3rd plural | laugnijanþai | laugnijainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | laugnidǭ | laugnidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | laugnidēz | laugnidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | laugnidē | laugnidēdī |
| 1st dual | laugnidēdū | laugnidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | laugnidēdudiz | laugnidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | laugnidēdum | laugnidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | laugnidēdud | laugnidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | laugnidēdun | laugnidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| laugnijaną | laugnijandz | laugnidaz |
Descendants
-
*laugnijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- lēina, laina (Old Frisian)
-
*laugnijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*lōganen, *lōgnen (Old Dutch)
-
logenen, loochenen, loochnen, loggenen (Middle Dutch)
- loochenen (Dutch)
-
logenen, loochenen, loochnen, loggenen (Middle Dutch)
-
*lōganen, *lōgnen (Old Dutch)
-
*laugnijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
līegnan, lȳgnan, līgnan, lēgnan (Old English)
- lihhnen, lighnen, liȝnen, lynen (Middle English)
-
līegnan, lȳgnan, līgnan, lēgnan (Old English)
-
*laugnijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
louganen (Old High German)
-
löugenen, lougen (Middle High German)
- leugnen (German)
-
löugenen, lougen (Middle High German)
-
louganen (Old High German)
-
*laugnijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
lōgnian, lâgnian, lāgnian, lagnian (Old Saxon)
- lôchenen (Middle Low German)
- löägenje, lööchenje, lāgnian (Saterland Frisian)
- leagenje, lāgnian (West Frisian)
-
lōgnian, lâgnian, lāgnian, lagnian (Old Saxon)
-
leyna (Old Norse)
- loyna (Faroese)
- leyna (Icelandic)
- lø̄na (Old Swedish)
-
leyna (Old Norse)
-
leynen, leinen, laynen, lainen (Middle English)
- lain (English)
- lain (Scots)
-
leynen, leinen, laynen, lainen (Middle English)
- 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (laugnjan) (Gothic)