*naudijaną
Runic: ᚾᚨᚢᛞᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈnɑu̯.ði.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
to compel, to force
Etymology
From *naudiz (‘need’) + *-janą.
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | naudijō | naudijaų | – |
| 2nd singular | naudīsi | naudijais | naudī |
| 3rd singular | naudīþi | naudijai | naudijaþau |
| 1st dual | naudijōs | naudijaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | naudijaþiz | naudijaiþiz | naudijaþiz |
| 1st plural | naudijamaz | naudijaim | – |
| 2nd plural | naudīþ | naudijaiþ | naudīþ |
| 3rd plural | naudijanþi | naudijain | naudijanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | naudijai | – |
| 2nd singular | naudijasai | naudijaisau |
| 3rd singular | naudijaþai | naudijaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | naudijanþai | naudijainþau |
| 2nd plural | naudijanþai | naudijainþau |
| 3rd plural | naudijanþai | naudijainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | naudidǭ | naudidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | naudidēz | naudidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | naudidē | naudidēdī |
| 1st dual | naudidēdū | naudidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | naudidēdudiz | naudidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | naudidēdum | naudidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | naudidēdud | naudidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | naudidēdun | naudidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| naudijaną | naudijandz | naudidaz |
Descendants
-
*naudijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*nōdon (Old Dutch)
-
nôden (Middle Dutch)
-
noden (Dutch)
- noadzje (West Frisian)
-
noden (Dutch)
-
nôden (Middle Dutch)
-
*nōdon (Old Dutch)
-
*naudijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
nīedan, nīdan, nȳdan, nēdan (Old English)
-
neden, nede, niede (Middle English)
- need (English)
- needeth (Yola)
-
neden, nede, niede (Middle English)
-
nīedan, nīdan, nȳdan, nēdan (Old English)
-
*naudijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
nēda (Old Frisian)
- needzje (West Frisian)
-
nēda (Old Frisian)
-
*naudijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
nōten (Old High German)
- nœten (Middle High German)
-
nōten (Old High German)
-
*naudijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
nōdian (Old Saxon)
- nȫden, nôden (Middle Low German)
-
nōdian (Old Saxon)
-
neyða (Old Norse)
- nøde (Danish)
- neyða (Icelandic)
- 𐌽𐌰𐌿𐌸𐌾𐌰𐌽 (nauþjan) (Gothic)