*ruppōną^¹

Runic: ᚱᚢᛈᛟᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈrup.pɔː.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 2

Meanings

From Pre-Germanic *Hrupnéh₂-, a zero-grade iterative to *reufaną (‘to break off, open’).

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	ruppō	ruppǭ	–
2nd singular	ruppōsi	ruppōs	ruppō
3rd singular	ruppōþi	ruppō	ruppōþau
1st dual	ruppōs	ruppōw	–
2nd dual	ruppōþiz	ruppōþiz	ruppōþiz
1st plural	ruppōmaz	ruppōm	–
2nd plural	ruppōþ	ruppōþ	ruppōþ
3rd plural	ruppōnþi	ruppōn	ruppōnþau

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
ruppōną	ruppōndz	ruppōdaz

*ruppōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- *roppon (Old Dutch)
  - roppen (Middle Dutch)
    - roppen, robben, rubben (Dutch)
*ruppōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- *rubbian (Old English)
  - rubben (Middle English)
    - rub (English)
*ruppōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- *robbia (Old Frisian)
  - robje (Saterland Frisian)
*ruppōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- ropfōn, *ruphōn (Old High German)
  - ropfen, rupfen (Middle High German)
    - rupfen (German)
    - rappen (Luxembourgish)
*ruppōn (Proto-West Germanic)
- *roppōn (Old Saxon)
  - roppen (Middle Low German)
    - rubben (Low German)
ruppa (Old Norse)
- rubbe (Danish)
- rubba (Icelandic)
- rubba (Swedish)
ruppa (Old Norse)
- ? (Norwegian)
  - rubbe (Norwegian Bokmål)
  - rubbe, rubba (Norwegian Nynorsk)
*rubba (Old Norse)
- rubbe (Danish)
- rubba (Icelandic)
- rubba (Swedish)
*rubba (Old Norse)
- ? (Norwegian)
  - rubbe (Norwegian Bokmål)
  - rubbe, rubba (Norwegian Nynorsk)