*rūhaz
Runic: ᚱᚢᚺᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈruː.xɑz/adjective · a-stem
Meanings
rough
Etymology
Probably related to Sanskrit रूक्ष (rūkṣá) (rūkṣá, ‘rough’), from Proto-Indo-European *HruHḱsos. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rewk-.
Declension
Strong declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | rūhaz | rūhō | rūhą, -atō | rūhai | rūhôz | rūhō |
| Acc. | rūhanǭ | rūhǭ | rūhą, -atō | rūhanz | rūhōz | rūhō |
| Gen. | rūhas, -is | rūhaizōz | rūhas, -is | rūhaizǫ̂ | rūhaizǫ̂ | rūhaizǫ̂ |
| Dat. | rūhammai | rūhaizōi | rūhammai | rūhaimaz | rūhaimaz | rūhaimaz |
| Inst. | rūhanō | rūhaizō | rūhanō | rūhaimiz | rūhaimiz | rūhaimiz |
Weak declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | rūhô | rūhǭ | rūhô | rūhaniz | rūhōniz | rūhōnō |
| Acc. | rūhanų | rūhōnų | rūhô | rūhanunz | rūhōnunz | rūhōnō |
| Gen. | rūhiniz | rūhōniz | rūhiniz | rūhanǫ̂ | rūhōnǫ̂ | rūhanǫ̂ |
| Dat. | rūhini | rūhōni | rūhini | rūhammaz | rūhōmaz | rūhammaz |
| Inst. | rūhinē | rūhōnē | rūhinē | rūhammiz | rūhōmiz | rūhammiz |
Descendants
-
rūh (Old English)
-
ruh, ruȝ, roȝe, row, rogh, rough (Middle English)
- rough (English)
- roch, ruch, rouch, rooch (Scots)
-
ruh, ruȝ, roȝe, row, rogh, rough (Middle English)
-
rūg (Old English)
-
ruh, ruȝ, roȝe, row, rogh, rough (Middle English)
- rough (English)
- roch, ruch, rouch, rooch (Scots)
-
ruh, ruȝ, roȝe, row, rogh, rough (Middle English)
-
*rūch (Old Frisian)
- ruuch, rouch (Saterland Frisian)
- rûch (West Frisian)
-
*rūh (Old Saxon)
-
rûch, rû, rûw (Middle Low German)
- ru (Danish)
- ruuch, ruug, rug (Low German)
- ruff, ruch (Plautdietsch)
-
rûch, rû, rûw (Middle Low German)
-
*rūg (Old Saxon)
-
rûch, rû, rûw (Middle Low German)
- ru (Danish)
- ruuch, ruug, rug (Low German)
- ruff, ruch (Plautdietsch)
-
rûch, rû, rûw (Middle Low German)
-
*rūw (Old Saxon)
-
rûch, rû, rûw (Middle Low German)
- ru (Danish)
- ruuch, ruug, rug (Low German)
- ruff, ruch (Plautdietsch)
-
rûch, rû, rûw (Middle Low German)
-
*rūh (Old Dutch)
-
ruuch, ru, rou (Middle Dutch)
-
ruig, ruw (Dutch)
- ruig, ru (Afrikaans)
-
ruig, ruw (Dutch)
-
ruuch, ru, rou (Middle Dutch)
-
rūh (Old High German)
-
rūch, rūhe, rū (Middle High German)
- רוי (roy) (Yiddish)
-
rūch, rūhe, rū (Middle High German)
-
rūh (Old High German)
-
rūch, rūhe, rū (Middle High German)
-
rau, rauch (German)
- rau (Low German)
-
rau, rauch (German)
-
rūch, rūhe, rū (Middle High German)