*skawwōną
Runic: ᛊᚲᚨᚹᛟᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈskɑw.wɔː.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 2
Meanings
to look, see, watch
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewh₁- (‘to heed, look, feel, take note of’). Cognate with Latin cavēre (‘to beware, heed’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | skawwō | skawwǭ | – |
| 2nd singular | skawwōsi | skawwōs | skawwō |
| 3rd singular | skawwōþi | skawwō | skawwōþau |
| 1st dual | skawwōs | skawwōw | – |
| 2nd dual | skawwōþiz | skawwōþiz | skawwōþiz |
| 1st plural | skawwōmaz | skawwōm | – |
| 2nd plural | skawwōþ | skawwōþ | skawwōþ |
| 3rd plural | skawwōnþi | skawwōn | skawwōnþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | skawwōi | – |
| 2nd singular | skawwōsai | skawwōsau |
| 3rd singular | skawwōþai | skawwōþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | skawwōnþai | skawwōnþau |
| 2nd plural | skawwōnþai | skawwōnþau |
| 3rd plural | skawwōnþai | skawwōnþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | skawwōdǭ | skawwōdēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | skawwōdēz | skawwōdēdīz |
| 3rd singular | skawwōdē | skawwōdēdī |
| 1st dual | skawwōdēdū | skawwōdēdīw |
| 2nd dual | skawwōdēdudiz | skawwōdēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | skawwōdēdum | skawwōdēdīm |
| 2nd plural | skawwōdēdud | skawwōdēdīd |
| 3rd plural | skawwōdēdun | skawwōdēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| skawwōną | skawwōndz | skawwōdaz |
Descendants
-
*skauwōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
skouwon, scouwon (Old Dutch)
-
schouwen (Middle Dutch)
-
schouwen (Dutch)
- skou (Afrikaans)
-
schouwen (Dutch)
-
schouwen (Middle Dutch)
-
skouwon, scouwon (Old Dutch)
-
*skauwōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
sċēawian (Old English)
-
schawen, schewen, schowen, scheawing, scewing (Middle English)
- show (English)
- shaw (Scots)
-
schawen, schewen, schowen, scheawing, scewing (Middle English)
-
sċēawian (Old English)
-
*skauwōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
sċēawian (Old English)
-
sċēawung (Old English)
-
schawung, shawing, schewinge, schewynge (Middle English)
- showing (English)
- shawing, showing (Scots)
-
schawung, shawing, schewinge, schewynge (Middle English)
-
sċēawung (Old English)
-
sċēawian (Old English)
-
*skauwōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
sċēawian (Old English)
-
sċēawung (Old English)
-
escauvinghe, escauwage, scawageour (Old French)
-
scavage, schevage, schewage, scavager (Middle English)
- scavage, scavenger (English)
- scavanger, scawanger (Scots)
-
scavage, schevage, schewage, scavager (Middle English)
-
escauvinghe, escauwage, scawageour (Old French)
-
sċēawung (Old English)
-
sċēawian (Old English)
-
*skauwōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
skāwia, skōwia, skōia (Old Frisian)
- skauje (Saterland Frisian)
- skôgje, skoaie, skouje (West Frisian)
-
skāwia, skōwia, skōia (Old Frisian)
-
*skauwōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
skouwōn, scouwōn (Old High German)
-
schouwen (Middle High German)
- schauen (German)
-
schouwen (Middle High German)
-
skouwōn, scouwōn (Old High German)
-
*skauwōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
skouwōn (Old Saxon)
-
schouwen (Middle Low German)
-
schauen (Low German)
-
schauen, schoen (German Low German)
- wohrschoen (German Low German)
-
schauen, schoen (German Low German)
-
schauen (Low German)
-
schouwen (Middle Low German)
-
skouwōn (Old Saxon)
- skygna (Old Norse)
-
? (Proto-Finnic)
- kava (Estonian)
- kaava (Finnish)