*stiurijaną
Runic: ᛊᛏᛁᚢᚱᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈstiu̯.ri.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
to direct, steer
Etymology
From *steurō, *stiurijō (‘steering, rudder’) + *-janą. The first element is of uncertain origin:
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | stiurijō | stiurijaų | – |
| 2nd singular | stiurīsi | stiurijais | stiurī |
| 3rd singular | stiurīþi | stiurijai | stiurijaþau |
| 1st dual | stiurijōs | stiurijaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | stiurijaþiz | stiurijaiþiz | stiurijaþiz |
| 1st plural | stiurijamaz | stiurijaim | – |
| 2nd plural | stiurīþ | stiurijaiþ | stiurīþ |
| 3rd plural | stiurijanþi | stiurijain | stiurijanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | stiurijai | – |
| 2nd singular | stiurijasai | stiurijaisau |
| 3rd singular | stiurijaþai | stiurijaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | stiurijanþai | stiurijainþau |
| 2nd plural | stiurijanþai | stiurijainþau |
| 3rd plural | stiurijanþai | stiurijainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | stiuridǭ | stiuridēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | stiuridēz | stiuridēdīz |
| 3rd singular | stiuridē | stiuridēdī |
| 1st dual | stiuridēdū | stiuridēdīw |
| 2nd dual | stiuridēdudiz | stiuridēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | stiuridēdum | stiuridēdīm |
| 2nd plural | stiuridēdud | stiuridēdīd |
| 3rd plural | stiuridēdun | stiuridēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| stiurijaną | stiurijandz | stiuridaz |
Descendants
-
*stiurijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
stiuren (Old Dutch)
-
sturen, stieren (Middle Dutch)
- stieren (West Flemish)
-
sturen, stieren (Middle Dutch)
-
stiuren (Old Dutch)
-
*stiurijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
stiuren (Old Dutch)
-
sturen, stieren (Middle Dutch)
-
sturen, besturen (Dutch)
- bestuur (Afrikaans)
-
sturen, besturen (Dutch)
-
sturen, stieren (Middle Dutch)
-
stiuren (Old Dutch)
-
*stiurijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
stīeran (Old English)
-
steren (Middle English)
- steer, besteer (English)
- stere, steir (Scots)
-
steren (Middle English)
-
stīeran (Old English)
-
*stiurijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
stiūra, stiōra (Old Frisian)
- stjuure, stjúurje (Saterland Frisian)
- stjoere (West Frisian)
-
stiūra, stiōra (Old Frisian)
-
*stiurijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
stiuren (Old High German)
-
stiuren (Middle High German)
- steuern (German)
-
stiuren (Middle High German)
-
stiuren (Old High German)
-
*stiurijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*stiurian (Old Saxon)
-
stûren (Middle Low German)
- stüren (German Low German)
- stieren (Plautdietsch)
-
stûren (Middle Low German)
-
*stiurian (Old Saxon)
-
stýra (Old Norse)
- styra (Elfdalian)
- stýra (Faroese)
- stöire (Gutnish)
- stýra (Icelandic)
- støra (Norn)
- styra (Norwegian Nynorsk)
-
stýra (Old Norse)
-
stȳræ (Old Danish)
- ýra (Scanian)
-
stȳræ (Old Danish)
-
stýra (Old Norse)
-
stȳræ (Old Danish)
-
styre (Danish)
- styre (Norwegian Bokmål)
-
styre (Danish)
-
stȳræ (Old Danish)
-
stýra (Old Norse)
-
stȳra (Old Swedish)
- styra (Swedish)
-
stȳra (Old Swedish)
- 𐍃𐍄𐌹𐌿𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌽 (stiurjan) (Gothic)