*tarbijaną
Runic: ᛏᚨᚱᛒᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈtɑr.βi.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
- to wind; spin
- to fling; throw
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *dorbʰéyeti, a causative formation of Proto-Indo-European *derbʰ- (‘to plait, braid, twist, spin, weave, wind’). A direct cognate with दर्भयति (darbháyati).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | tarbijō | tarbijaų | – |
| 2nd singular | tarbīsi | tarbijais | tarbī |
| 3rd singular | tarbīþi | tarbijai | tarbijaþau |
| 1st dual | tarbijōs | tarbijaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | tarbijaþiz | tarbijaiþiz | tarbijaþiz |
| 1st plural | tarbijamaz | tarbijaim | – |
| 2nd plural | tarbīþ | tarbijaiþ | tarbīþ |
| 3rd plural | tarbijanþi | tarbijain | tarbijanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | tarbijai | – |
| 2nd singular | tarbijasai | tarbijaisau |
| 3rd singular | tarbijaþai | tarbijaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | tarbijanþai | tarbijainþau |
| 2nd plural | tarbijanþai | tarbijainþau |
| 3rd plural | tarbijanþai | tarbijainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | tarbidǭ | tarbidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | tarbidēz | tarbidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | tarbidē | tarbidēdī |
| 1st dual | tarbidēdū | tarbidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | tarbidēdudiz | tarbidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | tarbidēdum | tarbidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | tarbidēdud | tarbidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | tarbidēdun | tarbidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| tarbijaną | tarbijandz | tarbidaz |
Descendants
-
*tarbijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*tierfan, *tyrfan, *tyrfian (Old English)
- ġetyrfan, ġetyrfian (Old English)
-
*tierfan, *tyrfan, *tyrfian (Old English)
-
*tarbijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*tierfan, *tyrfan, *tyrfian (Old English)
-
tirven, tyrven, terven (Middle English)
- topsy-turvy (English)
- tirvie (Scots)
-
tirven, tyrven, terven (Middle English)
-
*tierfan, *tyrfan, *tyrfian (Old English)
-
*tarbijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*tierfan, *tyrfan, *tyrfian (Old English)
-
tirven, tyrven, terven (Middle English)
-
overterven, overtarven (Middle English)
- overtirve, ourtirve (Scots)
-
overterven, overtarven (Middle English)
-
tirven, tyrven, terven (Middle English)
-
*tierfan, *tyrfan, *tyrfian (Old English)
-
*tarbijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*tierfan, *tyrfan, *tyrfian (Old English)
-
tirven, tyrven, terven (Middle English)
-
tyrf, tyrfe (Middle English)
- tirfe (English)
-
tyrf, tyrfe (Middle English)
-
tirven, tyrven, terven (Middle English)
-
*tierfan, *tyrfan, *tyrfian (Old English)
-
*tarbijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
zerben (Old High German)
- zirben (Middle High German)
-
zerben (Old High German)