*ubilaz

Runic: ᚢᛒᛁᛚᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈu.βi.lɑz/

adjective · a-stem

Meanings

evil, bad

Cognate with Proto-Celtic *uɸelos (‘bad, evil’), but the source is disputed. Possibly either:

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	ubilaz	ubilō	ubilą, -atō	ubilai	ubilôz	ubilō
Acc.	ubilanǭ	ubilǭ	ubilą, -atō	ubilanz	ubilōz	ubilō
Gen.	ubilas, -is	ubilaizōz	ubilas, -is	ubilaizǫ̂	ubilaizǫ̂	ubilaizǫ̂
Dat.	ubilammai	ubilaizōi	ubilammai	ubilaimaz	ubilaimaz	ubilaimaz
Inst.	ubilanō	ubilaizō	ubilanō	ubilaimiz	ubilaimiz	ubilaimiz

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	ubilô	ubilǭ	ubilô	ubilaniz	ubilōniz	ubilōnō
Acc.	ubilanų	ubilōnų	ubilô	ubilanunz	ubilōnunz	ubilōnō
Gen.	ubiliniz	ubilōniz	ubiliniz	ubilanǫ̂	ubilōnǫ̂	ubilanǫ̂
Dat.	ubilini	ubilōni	ubilini	ubilammaz	ubilōmaz	ubilammaz
Inst.	ubilinē	ubilōnē	ubilinē	ubilammiz	ubilōmiz	ubilammiz

*ubil (Proto-West Germanic)
- uvil (Old Dutch)
  - evel, ovel, oevel (Middle Dutch)
    - euvel (Dutch)
      - euwel (Afrikaans)
*ubil (Proto-West Germanic)
- yfel, eofel, efel (Old English)
  - yvel, uvel, evel (Middle English)
    - evil (English)
    - evil, ewil (Scots)
*ubil (Proto-West Germanic)
- evel (Old Frisian)
  - eeuwel (Saterland Frisian)
  - evel (West Frisian)
*ubil (Proto-West Germanic)
- ubil (Old High German)
  - übel, *üvel (Middle High German)
    - übel (German)
    - iwwel (Luxembourgish)
*ubil (Proto-West Germanic)
- uvil (Old Saxon)
  - euvel (West Frisian)
*ubil (Proto-West Germanic)
- uvil (Old Saxon)
  - ovel (Middle Low German)
    - övel (German Low German)
    - iebel (Plautdietsch)
𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌻𐍃 (ubils) (Gothic)