*wakaną
Runic: ᚹᚨᚲᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈwɑ.kɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 6
Meanings
to wake, be awake, arise
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (‘to be strong, be awake, be fresh, be cheerful’). Cognate with Latin vegeō (‘be quick, be aroused, be alert’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | wakō | wakaų | – |
| 2nd singular | wakizi | wakaiz | wak |
| 3rd singular | wakidi | wakai | wakadau |
| 1st dual | wakōz | wakaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | wakadiz | wakaidiz | wakadiz |
| 1st plural | wakamaz | wakaim | – |
| 2nd plural | wakid | wakaid | wakid |
| 3rd plural | wakandi | wakain | wakandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | wakai | – |
| 2nd singular | wakazai | wakaizau |
| 3rd singular | wakadai | wakaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | wakandai | wakaindau |
| 2nd plural | wakandai | wakaindau |
| 3rd plural | wakandai | wakaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | wōk | wōkį̄ |
| 2nd singular | wōht | wōkīz |
| 3rd singular | wōk | wōkī |
| 1st dual | wōkū | wōkīw |
| 2nd dual | wōkudiz | wōkīdiz |
| 1st plural | wōkum | wōkīm |
| 2nd plural | wōkud | wōkīd |
| 3rd plural | wōkun | wōkīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| wakaną | wakandz | wakanaz |
Descendants
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*wakan (Proto-West Germanic)
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wacan (Old English)
-
waken (Middle English)
- wake (English)
- wake (Scots)
-
waken (Middle English)
-
wacan (Old English)
-
? (Proto-Norse)
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vakinn (Old Norse)
- watjin (Elfdalian)
- vakin (Faroese)
- vakinn (Icelandic)
-
vakinn (Old Norse)
-
? (Proto-Norse)
-
vakinn (Old Norse)
-
vågen (Danish)
- våken (Norwegian Bokmål)
-
vågen (Danish)
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vakinn (Old Norse)
-
? (Proto-Norse)
-
vakinn (Old Norse)
-
vaken (Norwegian Nynorsk)
- vaken (Norwegian Bokmål)
-
vaken (Norwegian Nynorsk)
-
vakinn (Old Norse)
-
? (Proto-Norse)
-
vakinn (Old Norse)
-
vakin, vaken (Old Swedish)
- vaken (Swedish)
-
vakin, vaken (Old Swedish)
-
vakinn (Old Norse)
- 𐍅𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌽 (wakan) (Gothic)