*þwinhaną

Runic: ᚦᚹᛁᚾᚺᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈθwĩː.xɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 3

Meanings

to constrain
to force

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *twenk- (‘to squeeze, press, pack; pressure’). Cognate with Tocharian A twāṅkā- (‘to wear’), Lithuanian tveñkti (‘to dam up’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	þwinhō	þwinhaų	–
2nd singular	þwinhizi	þwinhaiz	þwinh
3rd singular	þwinhidi	þwinhai	þwinhadau
1st dual	þwinhōz	þwinhaiw	–
2nd dual	þwinhadiz	þwinhaidiz	þwinhadiz
1st plural	þwinhamaz	þwinhaim	–
2nd plural	þwinhid	þwinhaid	þwinhid
3rd plural	þwinhandi	þwinhain	þwinhandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	þwinhai	–
2nd singular	þwinhazai	þwinhaizau
3rd singular	þwinhadai	þwinhaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	þwinhandai	þwinhaindau
2nd plural	þwinhandai	þwinhaindau
3rd plural	þwinhandai	þwinhaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	þwanh	þwungį̄
2nd singular	þwanht	þwungīz
3rd singular	þwanh	þwungī
1st dual	þwungū	þwungīw
2nd dual	þwungudiz	þwungīdiz
1st plural	þwungum	þwungīm
2nd plural	þwungud	þwungīd
3rd plural	þwungun	þwungīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
þwinhaną	þwinhandz	þwunganaz

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Descendants

*þwingan (Proto-West Germanic)
- thwinga (Old Frisian)
*þwingan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *thwingan (Old Dutch)
  - dwingen (Middle Dutch)
    - dwingen (Dutch)
*þwingan (Proto-West Germanic)
- dwingan (Old High German)
  - dwingen, twingen (Middle High German)
    - zwingen (German)
*þwingan (Proto-West Germanic)
- thwingan (Old Saxon)
  - dwingen (Middle Low German)
þvinga (Old Norse)
- tvinga (Faroese)
- þvinga (Icelandic)
- twingen (Middle English)
þvinga (Old Norse)
- ? (Norwegian)
  - tvinge (Norwegian Bokmål)
  - tvinga, tvinge (Norwegian Nynorsk)
þvinga (Old Norse)
- thwingæ (Old Danish)
  - tvinge (Danish)
þvinga (Old Norse)
- þvinga (Old Swedish)
  - tvinga (Swedish)

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