*armaz¹

Runic: ᚨᚱᛗᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑr.mɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

arm

Etymology

From an ablauting Proto-Indo-European stem *h₂erH-m- ~ *h₂r̥H-m-, probably through an o-grade formation *h₂orH-mo-. The word is usually connected with the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂er-, though the relationship is formally uncertain, since the Indo-Iranian and Baltic forms require an additional laryngeal in the nominal stem. Cognates include Sanskrit ईर्म (īrmá), Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬨𐬀 (arəma), Old Prussian irmo, Latin armus, and Old Church Slavonic ramo. Old Armenian արմուկն (armukn) probably also belongs here, with secondary Armenian suffixation. The rare Classical Persian ارم (arm) continues the same Indo-Iranian word (de Vaan 2008: s.v. armus; Herzenberg 2011: 213; Kroonen 2013: 35; Martirosyan 2010: s.v. armukn; Schrijver 1991: 313–14)

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.armazarmōz, armōs
Acc.armąarmanz
Gen.armas, armisarmǫ̂
Dat.armaiarmamaz
Inst.armōarmamiz
Voc.armarmōz, armōs

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Descendants

  • *arm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • arm (Old Dutch)
      • arm (Middle Dutch)
        • erm (Limburgish)
  • *arm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • arm (Old Dutch)
      • arm (Middle Dutch)
        • arm (Dutch)
          • arm (Afrikaans)
  • *arm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • earm, arm (Old English)
      • arm (Middle English)
        • arm (English)
  • *arm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • earm, arm (Old English)
      • arm (Middle English)
        • arm, arme (Middle Scots)
          • airm (Scots)
  • *arm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • erm (Old Frisian)
      • Íerm, Äirm (Saterland Frisian)
      • earm (West Frisian)
  • *arm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • arm, aram, arma (Old High German)
      • arm, arn (Middle High German)
        • Aare, Arm, Are, Arme (Alemannic German)
        • Oarm (Bavarian)
        • Ärm, Arm, Orm (Central Franconian)
        • Arm (German)
        • Aarm (Luxembourgish)
        • אָרעם (orem) (Yiddish)
  • *arm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • arm, aram, arma (Old High German)
      • arm, arn (Middle High German)
        • Aarm (Pennsylvania German)
  • *arm (Proto-West Germanic)
    • arm (Old Saxon)
      • arm (Middle Low German)
        • Oam, Oarm (Plautdietsch)
  • armr (Old Norse)
    • armur (Faroese)
    • arm, harm (Gutnish)
    • armur (Icelandic)
    • arm, arm’e (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  • armr (Old Norse)
    • arm (Old Danish)
      • arm (Danish)
        • arm (Norwegian Bokmål)
  • armr (Old Norse)
    • armber (Old Swedish)
      • arm (Swedish)
  • 𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃 (arms) (Gothic)

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