*atstandaną
Runic: ᚨᛏᛊᛏᚨᚾᛞᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˌɑt.ˈstɑn.dɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 6
Meanings
- to stand near or by; to be present nearby
- to approach, come near
Etymology
From *at + *standaną. The compound is directly continued by Gothic 𐌰𐍄𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (atstandan) and Old English ætstandan (Krahe & Meid 1969: 37; Lehmann 1986a: 323, s.v. standan). The combination may be inherited from an older Indo-European preverb–verb collocation: compare Latin astāre < ad-stāre and Old Irish at·tá, which Dunkel (2014: 18) and Hackstein (2023: 4) compare directly with Gothic 𐌰𐍄𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (atstandan).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | atstandō | atstandaų | – |
| 2nd singular | atstandizi | atstandaiz | atstand |
| 3rd singular | atstandidi | atstandai | atstandadau |
| 1st dual | atstandōz | atstandaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | atstandadiz | atstandaidiz | atstandadiz |
| 1st plural | atstandamaz | atstandaim | – |
| 2nd plural | atstandid | atstandaid | atstandid |
| 3rd plural | atstandandi | atstandain | atstandandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | atstandai | – |
| 2nd singular | atstandazai | atstandaizau |
| 3rd singular | atstandadai | atstandaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | atstandandai | atstandaindau |
| 2nd plural | atstandandai | atstandaindau |
| 3rd plural | atstandandai | atstandaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | atstōþ | atstōdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | atstōst | atstōdīz |
| 3rd singular | atstōþ | atstōdī |
| 1st dual | atstōdū | atstōdīw |
| 2nd dual | atstōdudiz | atstōdīdiz |
| 1st plural | atstōdum | atstōdīm |
| 2nd plural | atstōdud | atstōdīd |
| 3rd plural | atstōdun | atstōdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| atstandaną | atstandandz | atstadanaz |
Descendants
-
ætstandan (Old English)
- atstonden (Middle English)
- azstantan (Old High German)
- 𐌰𐍄𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (atstandan) (Gothic)