*standaną

Runic: ᛊᛏᚨᚾᛞᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈstɑn.dɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 6

Meanings

to stand

Etymology

The past stem derives from an innovated extended form of the root, Pre-Germanic perfect singular *stéh₂-t-, nonsingular *sth₂-t-´, from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-. The process that led to this extension is unknown, however.

The present stem is an n-infixed stem derived from the innovated past tense, Pre-Germanic *sth₂-n-t-´.

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	standō	standaų	–
2nd singular	standizi	standaiz	stand
3rd singular	standidi	standai	standadau
1st dual	standōz	standaiw	–
2nd dual	standadiz	standaidiz	standadiz
1st plural	standamaz	standaim	–
2nd plural	standid	standaid	standid
3rd plural	standandi	standain	standandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	standai	–
2nd singular	standazai	standaizau
3rd singular	standadai	standaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	standandai	standaindau
2nd plural	standandai	standaindau
3rd plural	standandai	standaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	stōþ	stōdį̄
2nd singular	stōst	stōdīz
3rd singular	stōþ	stōdī
1st dual	stōdū	stōdīw
2nd dual	stōdudiz	stōdīdiz
1st plural	stōdum	stōdīm
2nd plural	stōdud	stōdīd
3rd plural	stōdun	stōdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
standaną	standandz	stadanaz

Find a form

Descendants

*standan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *standan (Old Dutch)
  - standen (Middle Dutch)
    - standen (Dutch)
*standan (Proto-West Germanic)
- standan, stondan (Old English)
  - stonden, stande, standen, stonde (Middle English)
    - sthoane, sthone, sthoan, stoane (Yola)
*standan (Proto-West Germanic)
- standan, stondan (Old English)
  - stonden, stande, standen, stonde (Middle English)
    - stand (English)
      - standar (Ido)
      - stanner, sténer (Norman)
      - tan (Sranan Tongo)
*standan (Proto-West Germanic)
- standan, stondan (Old English)
  - stonden, stande, standen, stonde (Middle English)
    - stand (Middle Scots)
      - staund, staand, stan, stand, staun, stawn (Scots)
*standan (Proto-West Germanic)
- standa, stonda (Old Frisian)
  - stun, stuun, stönje (North Frisian)
  - stounde (Saterland Frisian)
*standan (Proto-West Germanic)
- stantan, standan (Old High German)
  - standen (Middle High German)
    - standen (German)
*standan (Proto-West Germanic)
- standan (Old Saxon)
  - standen, *stenden, stant (Middle Low German)
    - *bîstanden, bîstenden, entweistanden, standinge, ümmestanden, understanden, upstanden, vörstenden, wedderstanden (Middle Low German)
standa (Old Norse)
- standa (Faroese)
- standa (Icelandic)
- stande, standa (Norwegian Nynorsk)
standa (Old Norse)
- ? (Old Danish)
  - stande (Danish)
standa (Old Norse)
- standa (Old Swedish)
  - stånda (Swedish)
𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌽 (standan) (Gothic)

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