*bannaną

Runic: ᛒᚨᚾᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈbɑn.nɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 7c

Meanings

to proclaim, to order
to summon
to ban

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂-néw-ti ~ *bʰh₂-n̥w-énti, an innovative nasal-infixed zero-grade athematic present of root *bʰeh₂- (‘to speak, say’), similar in form to Vedic Sanskrit भनति (bhánati) (bhánati, ‘to sound, resound, call aloud, speak, declare’). The cluster -nw- seems to have caused gemination; see *kinnuz (‘cheek, chin, jaw’), *þunnuz (‘thin’) for a similar development.

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	bannō	bannaų	–
2nd singular	bannizi	bannaiz	bann
3rd singular	bannidi	bannai	bannadau
1st dual	bannōz	bannaiw	–
2nd dual	bannadiz	bannaidiz	bannadiz
1st plural	bannamaz	bannaim	–
2nd plural	bannid	bannaid	bannid
3rd plural	bannandi	bannain	bannandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	bannai	–
2nd singular	bannazai	bannaizau
3rd singular	bannadai	bannaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	bannandai	bannaindau
2nd plural	bannandai	bannaindau
3rd plural	bannandai	bannaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	beban	bebannį̄
2nd singular	bebant	bebannīz
3rd singular	beban	bebannī
1st dual	bebannū	bebannīw
2nd dual	bebannudiz	bebannīdiz
1st plural	bebannum	bebannīm
2nd plural	bebannud	bebannīd
3rd plural	bebannun	bebannīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
bannaną	bannandz	bannanaz

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Descendants

*bannan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *bannan (Old Dutch)
  - bannen (Middle Dutch)
    - bannen (Dutch)
      - ban (Afrikaans)
*bannan (Proto-West Germanic)
- bannan (Old English)
  - bannen, bonnen (Middle English)
    - ban (English)
    - ban (Scots)
*bannan (Proto-West Germanic)
- banna (Old Frisian)
  - banne (Saterland Frisian)
  - banne (West Frisian)
*bannan (Proto-West Germanic)
- pannan, bannan (Old High German)
  - bannen (Middle High German)
    - bannen (German)
      - bannen (Luxembourgish)
*bannan (Proto-West Germanic)
- bannan (Old Saxon)
  - bannan, *bannen (Middle Low German)
    - bannen (Low German)
banna (Old Norse)
- banna (Faroese)
- banna (Icelandic)
- banna (Norwegian Nynorsk)
- banna (Swedish)
banna (Old Norse)
- bande (Danish)
  - banne (Norwegian Bokmål)
banna (Old Norse)
- banne(n) (Middle English)
  - ban (Scots)

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