*ana-
Runic: ᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɑ.nɑ/prefix
Function
on, onto; against, along, up (used especially as a preverb and first member of compounds)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂en-, probably extended by the directional/local particle *-o to form *h₂en-o ~ *h₂en-ó, or alternatively from *h₂en-h̥₂, with vocalization of final *h̥₂ (Kroonen 2013: 26). Proto-Germanic *ana- preserves the older full form that was reduced to *an in independent use. Cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *Haná, continued by Avestan 𐬀𐬥𐬀 (ana), as well as Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná) and Proto-Italic *ana (de Vaan 2008: 36; Dunkel 2014: 50–54).
Descendants
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*ana- (Proto-West Germanic)
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ana- (Old Dutch)
- aan- (Dutch)
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ana- (Old Dutch)
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*ana- (Proto-West Germanic)
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an-, on- (Old English)
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on- (Middle English)
- on-, an-, a- (English)
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on- (Middle English)
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an-, on- (Old English)
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*ana- (Proto-West Germanic)
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an- (Old Frisian)
- an- (Saterland Frisian)
- oan- (West Frisian)
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an- (Old Frisian)
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*ana- (Proto-West Germanic)
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ana- (Old High German)
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ane-, an- (Middle High German)
- an- (German)
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ane-, an- (Middle High German)
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ana- (Old High German)
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*ana- (Proto-West Germanic)
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ana- (Old Saxon)
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ane- (Middle Low German)
- an- (Low German)
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ane- (Middle Low German)
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ana- (Old Saxon)
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á- (Old Norse)
- á- (Icelandic)
- 𐌰𐌽𐌰- (ana-) (Gothic)