*andasakaną
Runic: ᚨᚾᛞᚨᛊᚨᚲᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˌɑn.dɑ.ˈsɑ.kɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 6
Meanings
to speak against, contradict; refute, deny
Etymology
From *anda- + *sakaną. The compound is securely supported by Gothic 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌽 (andsakan), attested in the participle 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌹 (andsakanai) translating Ancient Greek ἀντιλέγειν (antilegómenon), and by Old Saxon andsakan and Old English onsacan. The literal sense is therefore ‘dispute/speak against’, with straightforward development to ‘contradict, refute, deny’. The base *sakaną ultimately continues Proto-Indo-European *seh₂g-.
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | andasakō | andasakaų | – |
| 2nd singular | andasakizi | andasakaiz | andasak |
| 3rd singular | andasakidi | andasakai | andasakadau |
| 1st dual | andasakōz | andasakaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | andasakadiz | andasakaidiz | andasakadiz |
| 1st plural | andasakamaz | andasakaim | – |
| 2nd plural | andasakid | andasakaid | andasakid |
| 3rd plural | andasakandi | andasakain | andasakandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | andasakai | – |
| 2nd singular | andasakazai | andasakaizau |
| 3rd singular | andasakadai | andasakaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | andasakandai | andasakaindau |
| 2nd plural | andasakandai | andasakaindau |
| 3rd plural | andasakandai | andasakaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | andasōk | andasōkį̄ |
| 2nd singular | andasōht | andasōkīz |
| 3rd singular | andasōk | andasōkī |
| 1st dual | andasōkū | andasōkīw |
| 2nd dual | andasōkudiz | andasōkīdiz |
| 1st plural | andasōkum | andasōkīm |
| 2nd plural | andasōkud | andasōkīd |
| 3rd plural | andasōkun | andasōkīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| andasakaną | andasakandz | andasakanaz |
Descendants
-
*andasakan (Proto-West Germanic)
- onsacan (Old English)
- andsakan (Old Saxon)
- 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌰𐌽 (andsakan) (Gothic)