*ataugijaną
Runic: ᚨᛏᚨᚢᚷᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˌɑt.ˈɑu̯.ɣi.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
to show, display; to present to view
Etymology
From *at + *augijaną. The reduced prefix *t- is preserved in several continental daughter forms (Lloyd & Springer 1988: s.v. az). Ringe and Taylor (2014: 53, n. 5) note, however, that the prehistory of the verbal base is problematic: although Gothic 𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ataugjan), Old Norse eygja, and Old High German zougen appear to reflect *at-augijaną, Old English phonology could instead point to earlier *at-auwijan < *at-awjaną, and analogical association with *augô may have affected some forms. Thus, the immediate derivation *at + *augijaną is appropriate synchronically, but the deeper history of the second constituent is uncertain.
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | ataugijō | ataugijaų | – |
| 2nd singular | ataugīsi | ataugijais | ataugī |
| 3rd singular | ataugīþi | ataugijai | ataugijaþau |
| 1st dual | ataugijōs | ataugijaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | ataugijaþiz | ataugijaiþiz | ataugijaþiz |
| 1st plural | ataugijamaz | ataugijaim | – |
| 2nd plural | ataugīþ | ataugijaiþ | ataugīþ |
| 3rd plural | ataugijanþi | ataugijain | ataugijanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | ataugijai | – |
| 2nd singular | ataugijasai | ataugijaisau |
| 3rd singular | ataugijaþai | ataugijaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | ataugijanþai | ataugijainþau |
| 2nd plural | ataugijanþai | ataugijainþau |
| 3rd plural | ataugijanþai | ataugijainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | ataugidǭ | ataugidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | ataugidēz | ataugidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | ataugidē | ataugidēdī |
| 1st dual | ataugidēdū | ataugidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | ataugidēdudiz | ataugidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | ataugidēdum | ataugidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | ataugidēdud | ataugidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | ataugidēdun | ataugidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| ataugijaną | ataugijandz | ataugidaz |
Descendants
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*ataugijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
tōgen (Old Dutch)
-
tôgen (Middle Dutch)
-
betôgen (Middle Dutch)
- betogen (Dutch)
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betôgen (Middle Dutch)
-
tôgen (Middle Dutch)
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tōgen (Old Dutch)
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*ataugijan (Proto-West Germanic)
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ætīewan, ætȳwan, ætīwan, ætēowan (Old English)
- atēwien, atywen (Middle English)
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ætīewan, ætȳwan, ætīwan, ætēowan (Old English)
-
*ataugijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- tāuwa, tāwa (Old Frisian)
-
*ataugijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
zougen (Old High German)
- zöugen, zougen, zoigen, zöigen (Middle High German)
-
zougen (Old High German)
-
*ataugijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
tōgian (Old Saxon)
- tȫgen (Middle Low German)
-
tōgian (Old Saxon)
- 𐌰𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ataugjan) (Gothic)