-
*hrabô
noun · masculine · an-stem · /ˈxrɑ.βɔːː/
raven
“……oto-Indo-European *krobʰ-on-, of likely onomatopoeic origin, similar to that of Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-, the latter whence Latin corvus, Proto-Balto-Slavic *śárˀkāˀ.…”
-
*justaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈjus.tɑz/
cheese
“…From Proto-Indo-European *yéwHs (‘sap, juice, broth’), from *yewH- (‘to blend, mix (food), knead’). Cognate with Latin iūs (‘juice, broth’), Welsh uwd (‘porridge’), and dialectal Lithuanian jū́šė (‘fish soup’).…”
-
*kewwaną
verb · Strong class 2 · /ˈkew.wɑ.nɑ̃/
to chew
“…From Proto-Indo-European *ǵyewh₁- (‘to chew’); compare Latin gingīva (‘gums’), Tocharian B śuwaṃ (‘to eat’), Polish żuć (‘to chew’), Persian جویدن (javidan), Pashto [script needed]……”
-
*sīþuz
adjective · u-stem · /ˈsiː.θuz/
late
“…From Pre-Germanic *séh₁-i-tu-s or *sh₁-éi-tu-s, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁- (‘long, lasting’). Related to Latin sērus (‘late, slow’), Old Irish sír (‘long, lasting’).…”
-
*stadaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈstɑ.ðɑz/
standing, standing still, resting
“……m *steh₂- (‘to stand’). Cognate with Ancient Greek στατός (statós, ‘placed, standing’), Sanskrit स्थित (sthita, ‘standing’), Latin status (‘fixed, set’).…”
-
*sturjô
noun · masculine · an-stem · /ˈstur.jɔːː/
sturgeon
“……str-. Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *sr̥Hyón-. Possible cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *eśetras (‘sturgeon’), Late Latin hapax fariō (= ſariō (‘salmon trout’)).…”
-
*wiganą
verb · Strong class 1 · /ˈwi.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/
to fight, to battle
“…Originally a zero-grade present, from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (‘to fight’). Related to Latin vincō (‘to conquer’), Old Irish fichid (‘to fight’). Likely related to English weaken (‘make yield’).…”
-
*ahsō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈɑx.sɔː/
axle; the shaft or axis on which wheels turn
“……s-eh₂, a feminine *-eh₂-stem built from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱs- Kroonen 2013. Compare Sanskrit अक्ष, Ancient Greek ἄξων, Latin axis, Lithuanian ašìs, and Old Church Slavonic ось Lubotsky 2023 Mallory & Adams 1997. Related to l-derivative *ahslō;……”
-
*blēaną
verb · Strong class 7d · /ˈblɛː.ɑ.nɑ̃/
to blow
“……riginally athematic conjugation, Proto-Indo-European *bʰléh₁-ti ~ *bʰl̥h₁-énti, from root *bʰleh₁- (‘to blow’). Cognate with Latin flō (‘to breathe, blow’).…”
-
*furkaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈɸur.kɑz/
beam, pole, stake, stick
“……with Lithuanian pérgas (‘boat made from a tree-hollow, dugout, canoe’), Russian поро́г (poróg, ‘threshold, doorstep, sill’), Latin pergula (‘veranda, balcony, projection’).…”
-
*manją
noun · neuter · ja-stem · /ˈmɑn.jɑ̃/
necklace, neck ring
“……- (‘crest, mane’), probably from *mon- (‘neck’). Compare Sanskrit मणि (maṇi, ‘neck ornament, gem’), Old Irish muin (‘neck’), Latin monīle (‘necklace, collar; jewels’).…”
-
*markō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈmɑr.kɔː/
border, boundary
“……rǵs (‘edge, boundary, border’), possibly from *merǵ- (‘to divide’). Cognate with Persian مَرْز (marz, ‘boundary, frontier’), Latin margō (‘border, edge’), Proto-Celtic *mrogis (‘region, country’).…”
-
*siniz
adjective · i-stem · /ˈsi.niz/
old
“……do-European *sénos (‘of last year, old’) with change to an i-stem. Cognate with Lithuanian sẽnas (‘old, previous, ancient’), Latin senex (‘old, aged, advanced in years; old man’).…”
-
*stauraz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈstɑu̯.rɑz/
stake
“……le’), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (‘to stand’). Compare, in particular, Ancient Greek σταυρός (staurós, ‘pale, stake’), Latin īnstaurō (‘to set up, erect’).…”
-
*tīnaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈtiː.nɑz/
day
“…From Proto-Indo-European *deyn-, *dyew- (‘day’). Cognate with Lithuanian dienà (‘day’), Latin diēs (‘day’), Sanskrit दिन (diná, ‘day’). Related to Proto-Germanic *Tīwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *deywós (‘god’).…”
-
*þeutaną
verb · Strong class 2 · /ˈθeu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/
to howl, roar
“…Unknown. Possibly imitative. Compare similar onomatopoeias in other Indo-European languages: Latin tutubō (‘to cry (of an owl)’), Ancient Greek τυτώ (tutṓ, ‘a kind of owl’), Lithuanian tutúoti (‘to blow, pipe’).…”
-
*sweblaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈsweβ.lɑz/
sulfur
“…Uncertain. Compare Proto-Indo-European *swelplos (whence probably Latin sulfur), from the root *swel- (‘to burn, smoulder’) (de Vaan); Kluge instead suggests that the Germanic and Latin, whil……”
-
*herzô
noun · masculine · an-stem · /ˈxer.zɔːː/
pivot
“……m Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerd- (‘to move, sway, swing, jump’); in this case, cognate with Old High German scerdo (‘hinge’), Latin cardō (‘hinge’), Proto-Celtic *kerdeti (‘to put, move’), Ancient Greek κραδάω (kradáō, ‘to swing, shake’), and perhaps……”
-
*angrawarjaz
noun · masculine · ja-stem · /ˈɑŋ.ɡrɑ.ˌwɑr.jɑz/
a meadow-dweller; a member of the Angrivarii, a Germanic people of the middle Weser region
“…From *angraz¹ + *warjaz, literally ‘dweller in the meadows/Anger-land’. The formation is directly reflected in Latin Angrivariī and Ancient Greek Ἀνγριουάρροι (Angriouárroi) and belongs to a productive ethnonymic type in *-warjaz. Compa……”
-
*buskaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈbus.kɑz/
bush; thicket
“……m a substrate language, noting that many northwest European languages have words for flora and fauna with -sk- and -st-. The Latin borrowing theory is unlikely: the borrowing was almost definitely from Proto-Germanic to Latin.…”
-
*faimaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈɸɑi̯.mɑz/
foam
“…From Proto-Indo-European *(s)poh3y-m-o-s, from *(s)poh3(y)-(‘foam’). Cognate with Latin spūma (‘foam’), Latin pūmex (‘pumice’), Sanskrit फेन (phéna, ‘foam’), and Old Church Slavonic пѣна (pěna, ‘foam’). Kroo……”
-
*barną
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈbɑr.nɑ̃/
child
“……arry’). Cognate with Latvian bērns (‘child’), Lithuanian bérnas (‘lad, servant’), berniukas (‘boy’). Compare another cognate Latin forda (‘cow in calf’).…”
-
*fadēr
noun · masculine · r-stem · /ˈɸɑ.ðɛːr/
father
“……’). Cognates include Old Armenian: հայր (hayr), Scottish Gaelic athair, Ancient Greek πατήρ (patḗr), Sanskrit पितृ (pitṛ́), Latin pater, and Tocharian B pācer, all meaning ‘father’.…”
-
*fulmō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈɸul.mɔː/
palm (of the hand)
“…From Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂meh₂ (‘palm of the hand’), from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (‘flat’). Cognate with Latin palma (‘palm’), Proto-Celtic *ɸlāmā (‘hand’), Ancient Greek παλάμη (palámē, ‘palm of the hand’).…”
-
*grēduz
noun · masculine · u-stem · /ˈɣrɛː.ðuz/
desire, hunger
“…From Pre-Germanic *gʰreh₁tús, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-, *gʰer- (‘to desire, enjoy’). Related to Latin horior (‘to encourage’), Ancient Greek χαίρω (khaírō, ‘to rejoice’), Sanskrit हर्यति (háryati, ‘to like, enjoy’).…”