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*rūmaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈruː.mɑz/
roomy, spacious, open
“……-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (‘to tear open’). Related to Tocharian A räw- (‘to open’), Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬵- (rauuah-, ‘open space’), Latin rūs (‘country’), Old Irish róe (‘field, open land’), Old Church Slavonic равьнь (ravĭnĭ, ‘open’).…”
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*slakaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈslɑ.kɑz/
weak
“…Maybe from Proto-Indo-European *slogos, from the root *(s)leg- (‘to weaken’). Compare Old Irish lacc (‘slack’), Latin laxus (‘slack, loose’), Tocharian A slākkär (‘sad’), and perhaps Ancient Greek λαγαρός (lagarós, ‘slack, loose; thin, w……”
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*wargaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈwɑr.ɣɑz/
outlaw, criminal
“……constrict, strangle’), but it derives easily in Proto-Slavic *vorgъ, e.g. *izъvьrgnǫti (‘to cast out’), regularly cognate to Latin urgēre and in Germanic *wrekaną (‘to pursue, to persecute’). See also *argaz.…”
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*þerbaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈθer.βɑz/
unleavened (of bread)
“…From Proto-Indo-European *terp- (‘to be stiff’). Cognate with Lithuanian tir̃pti (‘to stiffen’), Latin torpeō (‘to be stiff’), Old Church Slavonic трупети (trupeti, ‘to suffer’). Older theories derive the root from Proto-I……”
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*attô
noun · masculine · an-stem · /ˈɑt.tɔːː/
father, dad
“……econstructed as PIE *átta Ringe 2017; de Vaan de Vaan 2008 instead posits *h₂et-o-. Compare Hittite 𒀜𒋫𒀸, Ancient Greek ἄττα, Latin atta, and Proto-Celtic attyo- de Vaan 2008 Kloekhorst 2008 Matasović 2009a. Direct inheritance is uncertain: PIE *tt i……”
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*aflą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈɑɸ.lɑ̃/
power, strength, might; bodily or effective force
“……e original sense was probably ‘working power, effective capacity’ > ‘strength, might’. Cognates and close comparanda include Latin opus, Vedic Sanskrit अपस्, and possibly Hittite 𒄩𒀀𒀊𒈦 and 𒄩𒀊𒁉𒈾 Kloekhorst 2008.…”
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*argiþō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈɑr.ɣi.θɔː/
cowardice, timidity
“……the quality or state of being *argaz. Reflected by Old English iergþ, iergþu and Old High German argida, the latter glossing Latin ignavia and hebetudo Heidermanns 1993 Köbler 2014 Santoro 2002. Compare the parallel abstract *argį̄, which has a dif……”
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*basją
noun · neuter · ja-stem · /ˈbɑs.jɑ̃/
berry; a small fruit, of any one of many varieties
“……to shine, glisten’) or to Sanskrit बभस्ति (babhasti, ‘to chew, eat’), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰes-. However, also compare Latin fascis (‘bundle’).…”
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*fargijaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈɸɑr.ɣi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to push (down)
“……zero-grade form of *h2epo (‘off, away’) + an o-grade form of *h2erk- (‘to protect, guard, hold, lock’). A direct cognate to Latin porceō (‘to keep or ward off or back, hinder, restrain’) Kroonen 2013.…”
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*fawaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈɸɑ.wɑz/
few
“…From Proto-Indo-European *ph2w-ó-s, a zero-greade form of root *peh2w- (‘few, little; smallness’) Kroonen 2013. Cognates are Latin paucus (‘few, little’), Ancient Greek παῦρος (paûros, ‘little, small’), Lithuanian putýtis (‘young bird, young animal’)……”
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*fawjaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈɸɑu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to sift
“……ye/o- from root *pewH- (‘to cleanse, purify’) Rix et al. 2001. Cognate with Sanskrit पवयति (paváyati, ‘to cleanse, purify’), Latin pūrus (‘pure, limpid; clean, pure’), Proto-Celtic *ɸūros (‘fresh’), and Persian پاک (pâk, ‘clean, pure; innocent, clean……”
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*hnuts
noun · feminine · consonant stem · /ˈxnuts/
nut
“…From Pre-Proto-Germanic *knuds, from a root *knu- also seen in Proto-Celtic *knūsand Latin nux. Based on the form of the nouns and the restriction of the root to Germanic, Celtic and Italic, it has been argued……”
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*saidaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈsɑi̯.ðɑz/
alternative form of *saidô (“band, cord; snare”)
“…Either directly from Proto-Indo-European *soh₂itos ~ *sh₂oytos, cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *sáiˀtas m (‘tie; net’) and Latin saeta f (‘bristle, mane’), or reformed as an a-stem from *saidô (an-stem from the same root). Ultimately from the root……”
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*smalaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈsmɑ.lɑz/
small
“……n appears implicitly skeptical and assigns no cognates outside of Germanic. Compare Proto-Slavic *malъ (‘small; little’) and Latin malus (‘bad’).…”
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*wurmiz
noun · masculine · i-stem · /ˈwur.miz/
worm
“…From Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis (‘worm’). Cognate with Latin vermis, Ancient Greek ῥόμος (rhómos), Lithuanian var̃mas (‘bug, fly’), Old Prussian wormyan (‘red’), Old East Slavic *в……”
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*þurhw
preposition · /ˈθurxʷ/
through
“……nt to be *-kʷe. In either event related to Sanskrit तिरस् (tiras, ‘through’), तिर्यञ्च् (tiryañc, ‘transverse, horizontal’), Latin trāns.…”
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*awô
noun · masculine · an-stem · /ˈɑ.wɔːː/
grandfather
“……manic by Kroonen Kroonen 2013. The n-stem was probably already late Indo-European rather than a Germanic innovation: compare Latin avunculus de Vaan 2008, derived from *awon- Lühr 2017, and Proto-Celtic *awon-tīr ~ *awon-tro- Matasović 2009a. Cognate……”
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*dīsiz
noun · feminine · i-stem · /ˈdiː.siz/
goddess
“……ndo-European *dʰéh₁s-i-s from *dʰéh₁s (‘god, godhead, deity; sacred place’) Martirosyan 2010. In this case, cognates include Latin fēstus (‘of or pertaining to holidays; festive, festal, joyful, merry.’), Phrygian δεως (deōs, ‘to the gods’), and Old……”
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*līką
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈliː.kɑ̃/
leech-line, bolt-rope
“…Probably Proto-Indo-European *leyǵ- (‘to bind’), and cognate with Latin ligō (‘to bind’). Kroonen, in addition to the above theory, offers an alternative suggestion that the word is a semanti……”
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*sēliz
adjective · i-stem · /ˈsɛː.liz/
happy, fortunate
“…Traditionally derived by Pokorny from Proto-Indo-European *selh₂- (‘to calm, quiet, be favorable’), and compared with Latin sōlor (‘to comfort, console’). This comparison does not seem to be maintained by later researchers, including Orel, who……”
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*sunnǭ
noun · feminine · ōn-stem · /ˈsun.nɔ̃ː/
the sun
“…Possibly feminized from *sunnô (‘sun’) in an opposing gender pair with masculine *mēnô (‘moon’), akin to Latin cognate sōl m (‘sun’) and lūna f (‘moon’). Note the possibility of influence on or from the gender of their personifica……”
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*wīdaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈwiː.ðɑz/
wide
“……imilation of the first d-. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *widuwǭ (‘widow’), *widuz (‘wood’), Proto-Celtic *weidus (‘wild’) and Latin dīvidō (‘separate, sunder’), vītō (‘avoid, shun’).…”
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*audaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈɑu̯.ðɑz/
wealth, riches
“……underlying *h₁ówHdʰr̥, reconstructed as *h₁ewh₁⸝₃-dʰ- and associated with giving or excreting milk and swelling with liquid. Latin ūber developed the secondary senses ‘abundant, rich’, with ūbertās, providing a close semantic parallel for ‘full of mi……”
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*aldiz
noun · feminine · i-stem · /ˈɑl.diz/
age, generation; a period or stage of life
“……from the root’s Germanic intransitive sense ‘to grow, mature, grow old’ Markey & Mees 2014 . Cognate root formations include Latin alō, Old Irish ailid, Ancient Greek ἀλδαίνω, and, more closely in formation and semantics, Latin altus < PIE *h₂el-tó-s……”
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*hūnaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈxuː.nɑz/
something swollen; a swelling
“……*ḱewh₁-, *ḱweh₁- (‘to swell, spread out, enlarge, be strong’). Further cognate with Lithuanian šūsnis (‘stack, pile, heap’), Latin inciēns (‘with child, pregnant’).…”