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*-inōną
suffix · forms verbs · Weak class 2 · /i.nɔː.nɑ̃/
forms Weak class 2 denominative verbs from nouns denoting persons, professions, offices, or social roles, with the…
Descendants: 25 recorded nodes
· 21 languages
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*-iskaz
adjective · a-stem · /is.kɑz/
forms adjectives from nouns with the sense characteristic of X; pertaining to X
Descendants: 39 recorded nodes
· 28 languages
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*-isōną
suffix · forms verbs · Weak class 2 · /i.sɔː.nɑ̃/
forms Weak class 2 verbs from adjectives and nouns, typically meaning ‘to be, become, make, treat as, or act in…
Descendants: 25 recorded nodes
· 20 languages
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*-ist
suffix · forms adverbs · /ist/
forms the superlative of certain adverbs
Descendants: 28 recorded nodes
· 24 languages
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*-istaz
suffix · forms adjectives · a-stem · /is.tɑz/
forms the superlative of certain adjectives
Descendants: 30 recorded nodes
· 25 languages
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*-itją
suffix · forms nouns · neuter · ja-stem · /it.jɑ̃/
forms neuter action nouns from verbs in *-itjaną, denoting the act, process, practice, or result of the verbal action;…
Descendants: 13 recorded nodes
· 10 languages
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*-itjaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /it.jɑ.nɑ̃/
forms weak class I verbs from nouns and adjectives, with meanings such as ‘make X’, ‘become X’, ‘act as X’, or ‘treat…
Descendants: 4 recorded nodes
· 4 languages
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*-iz
suffix · forms adverbs · /iz/
forms comparative adverbs, equivalent to English “-er” or ‘more’, with the sense ‘more X, X-er, rather X’
Descendants: 24 recorded nodes
· 18 languages
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*-iz
suffix · forms adjectives · i-stem · /iz/
forms primary i-stem adjectives, usually from verbal roots; the meaning is most often passive or possibilitive, but…
Descendants: 9 recorded nodes
· 9 languages
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*-izô
suffix · forms adjectives · an/īn-stem · /i.zɔːː/
forms weak comparative adjectives, equivalent to Modern English “-er” or ‘more’, with the sense ‘more X, X-er’
Descendants: 27 recorded nodes
· 21 languages
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*-iþō
suffix · forms nouns · feminine · ō-stem · /i.θɔː/
-ness, -th, -ity; forms feminine abstract nouns, chiefly from adjectives, denoting a quality, state, or condition
Descendants: 30 recorded nodes
· 25 languages
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*-(i)ją
suffix · forms nouns · neuter · a-stem · /i.jɑ̃/
forms neuter abstract/collective nouns from nouns, often with the collective/comitative prefix *ga-
Descendants: 2 recorded nodes
· 2 languages
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*-(i)janą
suffix · forms verbs · Weak class 1 · /i.jɑ.nɑ̃/
forms Weak class 1 verbs from nouns and adjectives, especially denominals meaning ‘act as, use, provide, or be…
Descendants: 25 recorded nodes
· 21 languages
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*-(i)janą
suffix · forms verbs · Weak class 3 · /i.jɑ.nɑ̃/
forms Weak class 3 stative and durative verbs, often with the sense ‘be X, have the quality of X, re-main in the state…
Descendants: 9 recorded nodes
· 9 languages
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*-(i)jaz
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · ja-stem · /i.jɑz/
forms masculine agent nouns, denoting a person characterized by an action, occupation, office, role, or sphere of…
Descendants: 3 recorded nodes
· 3 languages
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*-(i)jaz
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · ja-stem · /i.jɑz/
forms relational adjectives and substantivized nominals denoting origin, descent, affiliation, or be-longing; ‘of,…
Descendants: 1 recorded node
· 1 language
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*-(i)jaz
suffix · forms adjectives · ja-stem · /i.jɑz/
forms denominal adjectives meaning ‘having, furnished with, characterized by, made of, or pertaining to’ the base noun
Descendants: 20 recorded nodes
· 16 languages
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*-(i)jô
noun · masculine · an-stem · /i.jɔːː/
like modern English “-er”; forms masculine agent nouns and personal nouns, often from the zero-grade of the base
Descendants: 9 recorded nodes
· 9 languages
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*-(i)jǭ
noun · feminine · ōn-stem · /i.jɔ̃ː/
forms feminine agent nouns and female personal nouns corresponding to masculine *-(i)jô (forms masculine agent nouns)
Descendants: 3 recorded nodes
· 3 languages
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*-līkaz
adjective · a-stem · /liː.kɑz/
Modern English “-like, -ly”; forms adjectives from nouns and adjectives with the sense of 'similar to, characteristic…
Descendants: 37 recorded nodes
· 31 languages
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*-niz
suffix · forms nouns · feminine · i-stem · /niz/
forms feminine abstract, action, or result nouns from verbal roots and stems
Descendants: 20 recorded nodes
· 17 languages
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*-ōniz
noun · feminine · i-stem · /ɔː.niz/
forms feminine abstract or event nouns from weak class 2 verbs
Descendants: 6 recorded nodes
· 6 languages
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*-skapiz
suffix · forms nouns · masculine · i-stem · /ˈskɑ.piz/
forms abstract and collective nouns, especially from personal nouns, denoting state, condition, rank, relationship,…
Descendants: 31 recorded nodes
· 25 languages
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*-(i)slą
suffix · forms nouns · neuter · a-stem · /i.slɑ̃/
forms neuter deverbal nouns, originally denoting instruments or means; later also products, results, or actions…
Descendants: 24 recorded nodes
· 18 languages
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*-umnijō
suffix · forms nouns · feminine · ō-stem · /um.ni.jɔː/
forms abstract, result, and state nouns, usually from verbs or from bases already associated with *men-stem nominal…
Descendants: 8 recorded nodes
· 6 languages
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